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Negative Pregnancy Test But No Period – Know the Possible Causes
Negative pregnancy results but no period can leave a woman wondering whether she tested too early or whether something else is affecting her menstrual cycle. The experience of a negative pregnancy test but no period can be both confusing and distressing. If your pregnancy test is negative and no period has arrived, then pregnancy is not the only possible explanation. Stress, changes in weight or exercise, hormonal contraception, breastfeeding, and more could all contribute to a late or missed period. Home pregnancy tests are generally reliable when used correctly, but testing too early can produce a negative result even when pregnancy is present. These issues can cause great concern for women, and here we will touch on some of the reasons why a woman’s period might be late, even if their pregnancy test is still negative.
Is There a Possibility of Pregnancy If Your Period Is Late but Pregnancy Tests Are Negative?
It is possible that you are pregnant if your period is late and your at-home pregnancy tests continue to be negative, although it is unlikely. Normally, the cause of the late period will be something else besides a pregnancy. Most pregnancy tests are highly reliable.
It is more likely that your period is late than that a pregnancy test is negative, meaning that a late or missed period in combination with a negative pregnancy test often means you are not pregnant, though not always. Common reasons for a late or missed period include anxiety and stress, fertility treatments, imbalanced hormones, and medication and thyroid problems, among others. In some cases – such as a delayed positive, misuse of a pregnancy test, a faulty test or low-sensitivity test or other rare reasons –you can be pregnant and have the test be wrong. If you are late on your period by more than one or two weeks, it is recommended you follow up with your doctor.
Reasons for No Period and Negative Pregnancy Test
The reasons for having no period and a negative pregnancy test are complicated and can include both situations where you are pregnant and where you are not pregnant at all.
The following lists provide reasons for why you might have no period but a negative test in both situations:
1. If You Are Pregnant
These could be the reasons for your negative pregnancy test if you’re pregnant:
Low-Sensitivity Pregnancy Test : This means that the pregnancy test you purchased from the store is only capable of detecting pregnancy when hCG levels are quite high. Such a test will not be able to detect pregnancy at a very early stage. Sometimes, even when pregnant, the hCG levels may not be high and this could lead any low-sensitivity test give a negative test result (1).
Drinking a Lot of Fluids Before the Test : This can dilute the hCG levels in the urine. In these cases, try to avoid drinking a lot of fluids before your test. Holding urine for several hours before collecting a sample, or testing a sample collected in the morning, can ensure pregnancy (2).
Carrying Twins or Triplets: In some cases, carrying twins or triplets can produce high levels of hCG and will result in at-home pregnancy tests not working well. This is known as the “high-dose hook effect”.
Misusing the Test : Make sure you are reading and properly following the instructions of the pregnancy test, particularly with respect to “reaction time” (3).
Ectopic Pregnancy: This is rare but occurs when the fertilised egg implants itself somewhere other than the uterus (such as the fallopian tube), delaying the production of hCG and causing abdomen pain (4).
Faulty Test: In very rare cases, there may be anti-hCG antibodies in the test reagent which do not bind well with the hCG hormone composition of a woman, resulting in a delayed positive.
Test Taken Too Early: If you take the pregnancy test too early, your body might not yet be producing enough hCG hormone to detect pregnancy. Normally, hCG can only be detected in the urine two weeks after conception (5).
Too Far Along in Pregnancy: At-home pregnancy tests are normally designed to detect early molecular forms of hCG, and being too far along in the pregnancy can sometimes lead to problems with detection.
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD): This is a very rare disease wherein tumours in the layer of cells (known as the trophoblast) surround the embryo.
2. If You Are Not Pregnant
These could be the reasons for your negative pregnancy test if you’re pregnant:
Thyroid Problems: Women with thyroid problems can experience abnormalities in their menstrual cycles, including late or missed periods. In cases of hyperthyroidism, there can be infrequent or light periods, and in cases of hypothyroidism, there can be too frequent or heavy periods.
Too Much Prolactin: This usually happens in breastfeeding mothers. Prolactin is a hormone that enables breast milk production, but it can simultaneously suppress the hormones associated with a menstrual cycle.
Medication: Some medications – such as implants, antidepressants, thyroid medications, chemotherapy drugs, and antipsychotics – can cause late periods or abnormal menstrual cycles and activity.
Stress and Anxiety: Too much stress and anxiety in everyday life can, in some cases, lead to a delayed – though very rarely missed – period.
Uterine Abnormalities: Physical defects or problems with the uterus – such as cysts, fibroids or polyps – can lead to late periods or other menstrual abnormalities.
Too Much Exercise: Intense exercise or high-interval exercise regimens can stress the reproductive system, leading to late periods or fertility issues.
Imbalanced Hormones: Underlying hormonal imbalances can lead to late periods. For example, with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), women often experience irregular ovulation and late or missed periods (6).
Fertility Treatment : If you normally have a short menstrual cycle, fertility drugs like Clomid can extend the cycle length. Also, if you went through IVF, IUI, an injectable cycle or other related treatment, it can throw you off your expected period date.
Are Pregnancy Tests Accurate?
The Mayo Clinic states that home pregnancy tests are 99% accurate (7). The results will depend upon the following factors:
Ovulation period and how quick the implantation takes place
Whether the instructions are followed closely
The pregnancy test’s sensitivity
The gap between conception and taking the test
When Should a Late Period With a Negative Pregnancy Test Be Taken Seriously?
A late period in combination with a negative pregnancy test should be taken seriously when there are problems with the thyroid gland or when the brain produces too high levels of prolactin. In both cases, a doctor can prescribe medications which can help you with these symptoms.
If you have a late period that is accompanied by any of the following symptoms, you should contact your doctor immediately and/or go to the emergency room:
Abdominal/pelvic pain
Nausea or vomiting
Fainting
Shoulder pain
Extreme dizziness
What Should You Do When You Have Missed Your Period, but There Is a Negative Pregnancy Test?
If you are frequently late for one to two weeks and/or miss more than three periods in a row with the tests remaining negative, you should consult your doctor for evaluation. In most cases, there is a simple explanation for a pregnancy test being negative but still not having a period.
Often, a missed period with no pregnancy symptoms and with a negative pregnancy test may not require you to see a doctor at all. However, when diagnosing the problem, it can sometimes be difficult to separate what might have caused your period to be late, for which seeing a doctor will be useful.
Tips to Get an Accurate Pregnancy Test Result
1. Read the instructions carefully
It’s very important to follow the instructions on the pregnancy test carefully. Because different tests have different sensitivities. There are some tests which have a wait time of 1 minute and some more than a minute. Some tests tell you to tilt the test upwards for accurate results and to avoid spills. It’s important to follow these so as to get accurate results.
2. Don’t rush
We know it’s difficult to be patient as you’re eager to see the results. But it helps to be patient as the test needs to detect the HCG levels to show results.
3. Wait a day after your expected period date
It’s possible that your period may get slightly delayed. Also, it’s possible that the HCG levels may not be high enough to detect. In order to prevent disappointment and to see clear results, it helps to wait till the expected period date passes and then take the test.
When Should You Consult a Doctor?
Consult your doctor:
If you get a positive pregnancy test to know the next steps to be taken.
If you notice pregnancy symptoms but are still getting negative results. It’s best to visit the doctor, who may recommend a blood test, which will be able to detect even the lowest levels of HCG.
There could be a chance of a false negative if you take the test too early. To prevent anxiety and get accurate results. Wait till the expected period date passes and then take the test.
FAQs
1. Can recent weight loss surgery affect a negative pregnancy test and missed period?
Yes, recent weight loss surgery can lead to drastic hormonal changes, affecting your menstrual cycle. Additionally, changes in nutrient absorption after surgery may disrupt ovulation, leading to a missed period and potential confusion with pregnancy symptoms.
2. Is it possible for a recent miscarriage to cause a delayed period and a negative pregnancy test?
Yes, after a miscarriage, hCG levels can take time to normalise, potentially leading to a delayed period. Once levels drop below detectable limits, pregnancy tests may appear negative, even if your cycle hasn’t resumed.
3. Can I be 5 months pregnant and still get a negative test?
As impossible and rare as it sounds, you can still get a negative test result and still be 5 months pregnant.
4. Can a twin pregnancy give a negative test result?
Yes, it is possible to get a negative test result in the case of a multiple twin pregnancy, especially twiplets and quadruplets (8).
In conclusion, experiencing a delayed period can be unsettling, especially when you’ve tested negative for pregnancy but still no period has arrived. While there are numerous potential reasons for this, ranging from hormonal imbalances to lifestyle changes or underlying medical conditions, it’s important not to panic. Monitoring your cycle, repeating the test after a few days, and consulting with a healthcare provider can provide clarity and peace of mind. Understanding your body and seeking timely advice will help address any concerns effectively.
Infographic: Reasons for No Period and Negative Pregnancy Test If Pregnant
Also Read:
Expired Pregnancy Tests
False Negative Pregnancy Test
Baking Soda Test for Pregnancy
Simple Homemade (DIY) Pregnancy Tests
Ways to Calculate Safe Period to Avoid Pregnancy
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Can You Become Pregnant While on Birth Control Pill?
Yes, you can become pregnant while taking birth control pills, but the risk is low when they are used correctly. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), birth control pills are about 93% effective with typical use, meaning around 7 out of 100 users may become pregnant within a year due to missed pills or other factors affecting effectiveness (1). If you’re worried about being pregnant while on the pill, you’re not alone. In this article, we’ll explain how birth control pills work, why pregnancy can still occur, the factors that increase the risk, and the signs that may indicate pregnancy.
Can You Get Pregnant on Birth Control?
Will you get pregnant on birth control if you take it perfectly? The chances are very low, but no birth control method is 100% effective. If taken exactly the way the doctor prescribed, it is very effective in preventing pregnancy (2). How you take the pill depends on what kind of pill it is.
There are 2 types of birth control pills, the combined pill and the progesterone-only pill. The combined contraceptive pill is taken for 21 days and then stopped for 7 days. In these 7 days, you will have your menstrual period. Combined pills should be taken in the right order at around the same time each day. If you forget to take one, you have a 24-hour window to make it up and still be protected against pregnancy. The effectiveness decreases only if you miss 2 or more pills (3).
The progesterone-only pill should be taken in the order specified on the pack. They have to be taken without fail within 3 hours of the same time each day. If you miss it, you will not be protected from pregnancy (4).
What Affects the Effectiveness of Birth Control?
Following are the reasons that can reduce the effectiveness of birth control pills:
1. Not Taking It at the Same Time Every Day
Birth control pills contain a low dose of the hormones oestrogen and progestin that work together to prevent pregnancy. For this to be effective, the pills have to be taken at the same time every day. Missing a dose can render the pill ineffective (5).
2. Medication
Certain medications affect the ability of the body to absorb the birth control pill. These include antibiotics, neurological medication, herbal supplements, and antidepressants (6).
3. Vomiting and Diarrhoea
If you vomit within 2 hours of taking a birth control pill, it should be treated as a missed pill, and you have to take another one. If not, you could get pregnant. It is the same if you have diarrhoea or loose stools for 24 hours. The pill is not absorbed, and birth control becomes ineffective.
4. Exposing Them to Heat and Sunlight
If you leave your birth control pills exposed to heat and direct sunlight, the pills start to degrade and become ineffective. Store them away from direct sunlight in temperatures less than 25 degrees Celsius (7).
5. Missing a Dose
Missing a dose of the pill reduces its ability to prevent pregnancies. If you forget to take more than two pills, you should use a backup method of birth control such as spermicide or condoms and ask your doctor for advice.
6. Alcohol
Alcohol is metabolised by the liver. Anything that affects the liver can alter the way the pill is absorbed by the body. The more alcohol you consume, the less effective the birth control pill will be (8).
Tips to Prevent Birth Control Failure
Here are some tips to prevent birth control failure:
Take the pills at the same time every day without fail. Combine this activity with something that you do every day at the same time, such as brushing your teeth or having breakfast. That way, you will not forget to take it at the same time each day.
Use backup methods of birth control. If you miss one pill, take it as soon as you remember, but also use a backup contraceptive like spermicide to be safe. If you miss 2 or more pills, talk to your doctor for advice about missed doses, and use backup contraception for at least a week.
If you just started taking birth control pills, many doctors recommend using backup contraception for a week to a month after starting the pills.
Take the placebo pills. Birth control pill packs contain 3 weeks of active pills and 1 week of placebos, or inactive pills. If you do not take the placebo pills, you may forget and get late in starting the next pack. This can make the pills less effective (6).
Do not mix medications. Do not mix over-the-counter and prescription medications while taking the pills. Always ask the doctor if you need a backup contraception if you have been prescribed any other medication. Do not use herbal supplements while taking pills. All this can make pills ineffective in preventing pregnancy.
Signs You Might Be Pregnant While on Birth Control
Sometimes, things may go wrong, and you may get pregnant while on the birth control pills. If you suspect that you are pregnant, take a home pregnancy test and confirm it with a blood test to make sure. Look out for these pregnancy symptoms while on birth control (9):
1. Tender Breasts
Tender or swollen breasts are an early symptom of pregnancy which is due to hormonal changes.
2. Morning Sickness
Morning sickness is a symptom of pregnancy characterised by nausea, vomiting, and fatigue.
3. Aversion to Specific Foods
If you have any sudden food cravings or feel an aversion to specific foods unexpectedly, it may be a sign that you are pregnant.
4. Missed Period
A late or missed period is the first indicator of pregnancy for most women. However, some women do not have periods while on birth control. So, this is not a good indicator of pregnancy for them.
What to Do If You Are Pregnant While Taking Birth Control?
Getting pregnant on birth control pills can be highly unexpected. If you discover that you are pregnant while on birth control pills, you should consult a doctor right away. You should stop taking the birth control pills immediately. If you decide to keep the pregnancy, you have to start eating healthy and taking folate supplements and prenatal vitamins right away (10).
If you decide to terminate the unplanned pregnancy, it is important to act as soon as possible because the laws in your city may prevent medical termination of pregnancy after a certain point depending on where you live.
Can Birth Control Be Harmful for Your Baby?
You can get pregnant on birth control pills. Research has shown links between birth control during early pregnancy and abnormal urinary tract, premature delivery, and low birth weight. However, these have not been proven beyond doubt. It is still very important to stop taking birth control pills immediately after you realise that you are pregnant (11).
FAQs
1. What’s the chance of getting pregnant with birth control?
With typical use, the pill is about 93% effective, which means approximately 7 out of 100 users may become pregnant within a year. The risk is generally higher when pills are missed, taken inconsistently, or affected by certain medications and health conditions. When taken exactly as directed every day, the pill becomes much more effective, reducing the likelihood of pregnancy to less than 1% per year.
2. How soon can I get pregnant after stopping birth control pills?
Fertility can return quickly after discontinuing birth control pills. Some people may become pregnant within weeks, while others may take a few months for their menstrual cycles to regulate.
3. Can I get pregnant if I take my birth control pill at different times each day?
Taking combination pills a few hours late occasionally is usually not a major concern. However, taking pills inconsistently can reduce effectiveness, especially with progestin-only pills, which require stricter timing.
Birth control pills are a highly effective way of preventing unplanned pregnancies if taken correctly. These pills also help in treating other conditions like painful menstrual cramps and acne. If not taken correctly, the pills become ineffective. Being well informed about all the reasons that can make the pills ineffective can help you avoid birth control failure.
Also Read:
How to Prevent Pregnancy
Can Birth Control make you Infertile
How Soon you Get Pregnant after Stopping the Pill
Is it Safe to Take Birth Control Pills during Pregnancy
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Salt Pregnancy Test – How Accurate It Is?
Pregnancy test using salt is a popular home remedy that many people come across on social media or through family traditions. But whether it is safe is a queston. The pregnancy salt test claims to detect pregnancy by mixing urine with salt and observing changes in the mixture. Although it may seem like a quick and inexpensive alternative to a home pregnancy test, there is no scientific evidence that proves this method can accurately detect pregnancy. The commercially available pregnancy tests detect the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), but what does the salt test detect? You can find out everything about pregnancy test using salt in this article. If you suspect you are pregnant, using an approved home pregnancy test or getting a laboratory blood test remains the most reliable way to confirm pregnancy.
What Is Pregnancy Test Using Salt?
Home pregnancy tests are non-medical methods of testing for pregnancy and were formulated when pregnancy testing kits are not available. As mentioned earlier, people use pregnancy tests with salt, sugar, bleach and many other ingredients to check for conception. All tests work on one principle – they detect the level of hCG hormone in urine. The salt pregnancy test involves a homemade approach using just two ingredients: salt and urine, mixed in a transparent and sanitized container. Advocates of this method suggest that if pregnancy is present, the salt may interact with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone that becomes detectable in both blood and urine following embryo implantation in the uterus. Notably, this hormone is also targeted by commercial home pregnancy tests available in stores.
Let’s look at DIY pregnancy tests with salt in this article. How does salt help detect the hCG hormone in urine? Read on.
When Should You Do the Test?
If you are opting to try the salt and pee pregnancy test, you also need to also when it would be most effective. To get the most accurate results with this home pregnancy test with salt, you need to try it on the fifth day of ovulation. Since you will already be tracking your ovulation dates, this should not be a problem to figure out. However, before you try this method out, let’s look at exactly what the process is and how do you go about testing for pregnancy using salt.
How Accurate Is Pregnancy Test by Salt?
The pregnancy test using salt is not scientifically reliable or accurate. This DIY method, which involves mixing urine with salt to observe any reactions, lacks scientific validation and has no standardized procedure. There’s no evidence to support that the interaction between salt and the pregnancy hormone hCG can accurately indicate pregnancy. For reliable results, the Office on Women’s Health suggests using commercially available pregnancy tests that are specifically designed to detect hCG or consult with a healthcare provider for confirmation and guidance (1).
How to Check Pregnancy at Home with Salt?
Before we read about homemade pregnancy tests, we were surprised to know what reactions urine and common household supplies may cause! We know you are too. And while it’s tough to believe the authenticity behind a pregnancy test using salt, it could be a fun try!
So, how to check pregnancy at home with salt? The procedure for doing this homemade test is simple.
Materials Needed – Gather some table salt, a transparent container (preferably glass), and an alarm to ensure the use of the first morning urine, which contains the highest concentration of the pregnancy hormone hCG (if present).
Collecting the Sample – Upon waking, use the alarm as a reminder to collect the first urine of the day. This sample is believed to have the highest concentration of hCG.
Adding Salt – To the collected urine in the transparent container, add roughly three-quarters of a teaspoon of table salt.
Observation Period – Wait for about one to two minutes to observe any reactions within the mixture.
Interpreting Results – A milk-like curdling appearance or the presence of white, crumb-like particles in the mixture is interpreted by proponents of this method as a positive sign of pregnancy. You can follow up with another test to be sure!
In case you are still unsure about the procedure and what a positive result looks like, here’s a video with examples of both positive and negative test results using this salt pregnancy test!
Try this test with the first urine of the day, as chances of pregnancy detection are more accurate then.
The urine curdles and foams if you are pregnant and remains unchanged if you are not.
The high HCG levels in the urine of a pregnant woman react with the salt, forming the foam.
How to Read the Results of Pregnancy Test Using Salt?
Reading the results of a pregnancy test using salt involves observing the reaction between the salt and the urine after mixing them. Here’s an explanation of how the results are typically interpreted, bearing in mind the scientific accuracy of such a method is highly questionable:
Pregnancy Tests
Positive Results (Claimed by Home Test Believers)
Negative Results (Claimed by Home Test Believers)
Observation of Reaction
The mixture appears milky or cloudy after a few minutes.
The urine remains clear with little or no visible change without curdling or foaming.
Interpretation Nuances
Some people report a creamy, cheese-like texture forming on the surface.
Salt dissolves normally without forming clumps.
Interpretation Nuances
Small white clumps or curd-like particles are believed to indicate pregnancy.
No noticeable thickening or precipitation is seen.
Interpretation Nuances
A thick layer is sometimes claimed to develop at the top of the mixture.
The mixture looks similar to plain urine mixed with salt.
Claims
Different online sources describe different “positive” appearances, which shows that there is no standard interpretation.
Results vary with every individual’s claim because there is no scientific procedure or validated reading method.
Important Notice
None of these observations have been scientifically validated and should not be used to diagnose pregnancy
A negative-looking result does not rule out pregnancy. Only an hCG-based urine or blood test can accurately confirm or exclude pregnancy.
It’s suggested to perform this test with the first urine of the morning. The rationale is that the first urine is more concentrated and, if pregnant, would contain higher levels of the hCG hormone, which is believed to increase the test’s chance of detecting pregnancy.
Despite these instructions, it’s crucial to remember that the presence of hCG is what over-the-counter pregnancy tests are designed to detect (2), but they do so with specific chemical markers and controlled reactions that have been scientifically validated. The idea that hCG would cause salt to curdle or foam lacks a scientific foundation, and the salt pregnancy test results could be influenced by many factors, including the concentration of the urine and the type of salt used.
Expectations From a Salt Pregnancy Test
With the salt pregnancy test, you can expect to get early results of pregnancy by a cheap and effective method.
However, most couples feel like store-bought kits may provide a more accurate answer. The truth is much like these homemade pregnancy tests, the store-bought ones too do not give you a guarantee of accuracy. These tests must be done at your and your partner’s own discretion. Know that these can only satiate your curiosity and give you some hope as you wait to conceive. Eventually, an appointment with your doctor and an ultrasound will give you the most accurate result, you’ll just have to wait a little longer.
Alternative Options to Check Your Pregnancy at Home
Home-based pregnancy testing can be an early step in discovering if you might be pregnant. While over-the-counter pregnancy tests are the most common method, there are several alternative ways to check for pregnancy at home, each with varying degrees of reliability. Remember, for a definitive confirmation, consult a healthcare provider.
1. Commercial Over-the-Counter Pregnancy Tests
The most reliable alternative for home pregnancy testing involves using commercial over-the-counter pregnancy tests. These tests are designed to detect the presence of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone in your urine, which is produced after a fertilized egg attaches to the lining of your uterus. Over-the-counter tests are highly accurate when used correctly and after the missed period (3). They come with instructions, and results are usually easy to read, often showing lines, plus or minus signs, or digital readings to indicate if you’re pregnant or not (4).
2. Pregnancy Test Apps With Smart Technology
Some newer technologies involve apps that claim to work with traditional urine tests to help interpret the results more accurately using your smartphone camera. These apps can reduce the uncertainty of reading a traditional pregnancy test by providing clearer digital results. Users take a picture of their test strip, and the app analyzes the results. However, the accuracy of these apps largely depends on the quality of the traditional test used and the correctness of the test-taking process. While these apps can offer a modern convenience, the reliability of the results should be considered as variable as the tests they interpret.
3. Monitoring Basal Body Temperature (BBT)
Another method involves tracking your basal body temperature (BBT) over time to detect early signs of pregnancy. Your BBT is your lowest body temperature in a 24-hour period. After ovulation, if you’re pregnant, there will typically be a slight increase in your basal body temperature, sustained for more than two weeks. You’ll need a basal thermometer to accurately measure these small changes. This method requires daily measurements over time to establish a baseline and identify the slight increase in BBT that can suggest pregnancy. While tracking BBT can indicate potential pregnancy, it’s not definitive and can be influenced by many factors, such as illness, sleep patterns, and alcohol consumption.
When to Consult the Doctor?
If you think you might be pregnant, it’s advisable to seek medical advice. Early signs of pregnancy, like abdominal discomfort, exhaustion, changes in appetite, nausea, increased need to urinate, and a darkening of the areolas, can indicate potential pregnancy. Furthermore, if you’ve skipped your menstrual cycle for two straight months and still receive a negative result from an at-home pregnancy test, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider.
FAQs
1. Is there a specific type of salt that should be used for a salt pregnancy test?
No specific type of salt is recommended for a salt pregnancy test because the method itself lacks scientific validation. Table salt is commonly used in anecdotal descriptions of the test, but there is no evidence to suggest that different types of salt would affect the outcome differently.
2. Can the salt pregnancy test detect early pregnancy?
The salt pregnancy test is not a reliable method for detecting early pregnancy or any pregnancy stage due to its lack of scientific basis. Over-the-counter pregnancy tests and medical consultations are the most reliable ways to determine early pregnancy.
3. How long should I wait for a salt pregnancy test?
If you are performing a salt and urine pregnancy test, you should wait about 3 to 10 minutes for the mixture to react. Do remember that there is no scientific evidence that salt reacts with the pregnancy hormone hCG.
4. How often should you repeat the salt pregnancy test for accurate results?
Given the salt home pregnancy test’s unreliability and lack of scientific backing, repeating the test is not likely to provide accurate results. For those seeking confirmation of pregnancy, using a clinically validated home pregnancy test or visiting a healthcare provider is recommended.
In the meantime, enjoy spending time together and enjoy each moment of baby making, after all these intimate moments may be harder to find when you have a little bundle of cuteness crying his eyes out all night!
Have a happy baby-making phase and a happier pregnancy!
Also Read:
Taking a Pregnancy Test at Night
Baking Soda Test for Pregnancy
Urine Pregnancy Test – At Home and Clinic
Digital Pregnancy Test – How Does It Works?
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Exercise to Get Pregnant (Conceive) Fast
When the decision for starting a family starts becoming a reality, many women think about hitting the gym or going through an intense regimen. This is primarily aimed to get their weight under control since pregnancy is going to shift them up on the scale by more than a few kilos. The awareness of having a healthy body to give birth to a healthy child is good learning, but that is usually held up to a pedestal without realising its effects on the conception itself. Exercising is necessary, but so is knowing how far you should push yourself for it.
Is Exercise Good When Trying to Get Pregnant?
Women often wonder if it is safe to exercise while planning for a baby or is it best to take a break from it. The answer doesn’t sway on either side, but exercising does help you with your pregnancy for sure. The body will be going through numerous physical changes, and being in shape can help make the transition more comfortable for you. At the same time, it is necessary to keep your body rested and free from stressing it needlessly, in the pursuit of perfection.
What Are the Advantages of Exercising While Trying to Conceive?
Exercising keeps your body fit and regulates numerous internal bodily processes as well. But in the realm of pregnancy and the ability to conceive, exercise helps your body in a few significant ways.
1. Sleep Cycles
On the surface, sleeping might have nothing to do with the fertility of a person or the ability to conceive a child. But deep down, sleep has a deeper connection with the very functioning of the body. This is the time when all the maintenance activities of the body are at full speed and that period is necessary for appropriate hormonal regulation and body development. Exercising helps set the circadian rhythms back to normalcy and allows for better sleep.
2. Weight Regulation
Weight plays a crucial role in the success of conceiving a child. There are established connections of hormonal problems, miscarriage, and infertility with the tendency to be overweight. Not only does exercising help in resolving these conditions by keeping your weight in check, but it also streamlines numerous other bodily processes, which prepare the body to take care of the baby.
3. Stress Reduction
The connection of mental health with the state of the physical body has been documented for the longest time. That connection also makes itself evident when you are trying to conceive. Anxiety and depression, combined with unhealthy activities such as drinking alcohol or smoking can reduce your fertility considerably. Exercising releases the feel-good hormones in the body, reducing your stress levels, consequently keeping all these activities at bay.
Body Weight and Exercise
At times, the links of weight with the chances of getting pregnant might seem exaggerated. But that honestly isn’t so. There have been various studies that have shown a marked improvement in the possibility of conceiving a child with just a 5% reduction in the weight of a woman. The same affects men as well, regarding their sperm health.
If your weight is below the ideal, the ability to conceive a child successfully takes a hit, making it twice as difficult to do so. The presence of healthy body fat in the body is a necessity, without which the menstrual cycles can start getting disturbed, which consequently affects the frequency of ovulation, ultimately making the production of eggs a complication altogether.
On the flip side, being higher than the ideal weight possess a massive barrage of problems for the woman herself, right from hypertension to a propensity for diabetes and so on. All of these affect the chances of conception as well since the various bodily process might interfere with the regular fertilisation cycle.
Which Are the Best Exercises for Women Trying to Get Pregnant?
When wondering about an exercise to get pregnant fast, there is generally no way set in stone to achieve that. A few exercises are usually termed the best ones since they help you achieve your goal healthily, as well as prevent you from over stressing your body.
1. Lifting Weights
You don’t have to go to the heavy barbell ones to compete at the Olympics. It is very easy to go overboard with these and affect your periods, leading to even more problems. Go for simple weight lifting exercises that focus on your upper abdomen and legs, since this will make those areas stronger, giving the muscles the strength they would need to support your pregnant body.
2. Pilates
Quite a fancy exercise word used these days; pilates essentially does two functions well. Firstly, it helps in increasing the flexibility of your muscles, which helps in maintaining their strength even after your body grows in size. Secondly, the focus stays on the core of your body by working on your mind as well, allowing you to establish a good posture by a balance of mental health and physical fitness.
3. Yoga
There is a reason yoga is quintessentially popular amongst everyone. Various yoga exercises have been deemed to be useful not just before pregnancy, but during pregnancy, as well as after your delivery. All the asanas that fall under yoga work towards establishing a healthy connection of your mind with your body.
4. Swimming
The safest exercise to be undertaken during pregnancy has its benefits before it as well. Swimming a couple of laps in the pool works its wonder on the core of your body, without any stress of disproportionate impact elsewhere. This flexibility and muscular strength go a long way in staying fit even while pregnant.
5. Cycling
Why remain restricted to a single location when you can pretty much move around your city on your cycle and get the benefits of exercise as well? Get your friends together and try to go on cycle rides daily, if not regularly. The muscles get the workout they need, and you can get the fun of cycling all over again.
6. Running
Running is one essential quick-fix exercise that can kick off your fitness regimen in the appropriate manner. The only time when you should avoid running is if your menstrual cycle is irregular and you are tired. Otherwise, running a short distance on a daily basis can boost the circulation of blood within the body, benefiting various muscles in parallel, too.
7. Walking
The safest of them all. The only thing you need is a good pair of shoes. Walking is rarely harmful since everybody has a good idea of what their walking limit is. Stick to it and walk as much as you can daily. Choose appropriate times for it, and you will be benefitting mentally as well as physically from it.
How to Exercise Through the Cycle to Maximise Pregnancy Chances?
Your exercise programme needs a few tweaks and adjustments based on your phase of conception. Adhering to it can prevent you from ruining your chances of conceiving a baby while keeping your fitness on track.
1. Menstruation
When you are on your periods, it is best to stick to simple exercises and avoiding the cardio ones. Yoga is your best bet in this regard.
2. Pre-Ovulation
This stage requires the right stimulation for the body. Spending about half an hour every day on exercises that get your blood flowing is a good choice.
3. Ovulation
Increased blood circulation is necessary at this stage but so is safety from hard impacts. Opt for swimming or brisk walking that can get your heart rate up without any risks.
4. Implantation
Avoid any high impact exercises at this stage. Stick to swimming or yoga and keep a check on whether implantation has been successful. If not, you can resume your regular programme.
Can You Exercise While Undergoing IVF?
Wondering whether you can exercise while trying to conceive naturally is one thing, but a similar question might arise when opting for IVF as well. Regular exercise is usually fine until you start approaching the phase when the stimulation hormones have been completely administered, and egg production is at its highest. Rigorous training could cause discomfort or even ovarian torsion. Once the transfer of eggs or embryos is complete, you should avoid very high-intensity exercises.
Are There Any Exercises You Should Avoid While Trying to Conceive?
Along with conception friendly exercise options, it is necessary to remember that certain exercises ought to be avoided, too. Any intense weightlifting, kickboxing, or any other forms that can be intensely aerobic or expose your body to a multitude of impacts should be avoided at all costs.
Essential Tips to Follow While Doing Exercise for Conception
Adhering to a few tips when you choose to create an exercise programme can help you stick to your goal and keep safe as well.
It is best to have your regimen created by a professional and approved by your doctor.
Choose to exercise with a partner if you can to stay motivated.
Cardio exercises are a better choice to boost your blood circulation.
Don’t diet in parallel with an exercise programme.
Stick to moderate intensity while exercising.
Focus on your core muscles and get them strong.
Adopt regularity without letting laziness get in the way.
Begin your exercise programme as soon as you can.
The right diet and exercise to get pregnant are essential to be healthy as well as safe. It is best to avoid unrealistic goals and high-intensity exercise programmes when you are attempting to conceive a child. A general fitness usually does the trick pretty well.
Also Read: Common Signs & Symptoms of Ovulation
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How to Prepare Your Body for Pregnancy?
If you’ve decided to get pregnant, chances are that you would want your body to be well prepared to nurture a new human being. Preconception planning is common among many women who want to increase their chances of a healthy pregnancy.
Also, the healthy lifestyle changes that you make during pregnancy may last even after pregnancy and become a part of your life.
12 Tips for Preparing Your Body for Pregnancy
Here are a few tips that you can keep in mind in the process of getting your body ready for pregnancy.
1. See Your Doctor
The first thing you will need to do is get an appointment with a doctor for both you and your partner. The doctor can analyse your family’s’ medical history and rule out the possibility of complications. In case there are complications, you will be provided with remedies. The doctor will also check if you are immunized against major diseases. You will need to be vaccinated against chickenpox and rubella, and you will have to take these shots three months before you try to conceive.
Your doctor can also screen you for sexually transmitted diseases and suggest that you follow the necessary precautions and treatments to improve your chances of a healthy pregnancy.
On the other hand, if you have any underlying medical conditions that require you to take regular medication, like epilepsy, diabetes, high blood pressure or asthma, you will need to visit a doctor to make any necessary changes to your course of treatment before trying to conceive.
2. Stop Birth Control
You will need to discontinue the use of any form of birth control that you have been using. If you have an IUD, you can have it removed by a gynaecologist. While some women tend to get pregnant within the next two weeks after stopping birth control, others may take longer.
3. Fix Your Diet
Cut out the unhealthy food items from your diet, prepare your body for a pregnancy with healthier and organic food choices, and drink plenty of water. Switching those carbs and junk with healthy snacks like nuts and fruits can do you good and lower your exposure to toxins. Also, avoid eating raw eggs or undercooked meat to rule out the risk of salmonella. It is especially important to get to a healthy diet if you have a BMI over 30 and are obese. Being underweight can also be a problem as it can affect your menstrual cycle and can cause you to have missed periods. This essentially means that you will not be ovulating every cycle. It is best to get to a healthy BMI range of 19 to 25 in case you are trying for a healthy pregnancy.
4. Include Exercise
You will need to incorporate moderate work out sessions of about 30 minutes for at least four to five days every week. If you are starting from scratch, a 20-minute walk should help you get moving before you try more vigorous workouts. If you exercise regularly, you can try and squeeze in about 45 minutes of exercise five or six days a week.
5. Stack up on Multivitamins
Most doctors advise women to take multivitamins to make up for the lack of certain vitamins in their body. These prenatal vitamins can help bridge any nutritional deficiency that you may have right before getting pregnant. You will need to boost your intake of iron and calcium-rich foods items as well.
6. Folic Acid
You may need to add folic acid on top of your vitamin supplements. Folic acid helps prevent the possibility of neural tube defects during pregnancy. Although it is available over the counter, you can check with your doctor about these supplements. 400 to 800 micrograms of folic acid is recommended on a daily basis during preconception. Once you are pregnant, your doctor may change the dosage accordingly.
7. Lay off Smoking, Alcohol, and Drugs
All three activities are undoubtedly detrimental to both you and your baby. Smoking can expose you both to a lot of toxins and reduce your blood flow. It also affects fertility and may cause preterm delivery, miscarriage or even stillbirth. Alcohol can have long-term problems and developmental issues in the baby, and can also put your baby at the risk of foetal alcohol syndrome. Using drugs is illegal and can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, etc. Drugs like heroin and cocaine can even lead to drug-dependent babies. It is wise to ask your partner also to quit smoking in case he does, as smoking is also related to low sperm count. Exposure to smoke is also not ideal, especially during pregnancy. It is also best if you limit your intake of caffeine every day as pregnant women are recommended only 300 ml of caffeine each day.
8. Try Stress Relief Measures
Trying to conceive can be quite stressful. But managing your stress is vital as stress can shoot up your cortisol levels, preventing ovulation and lowering your sex drive. You can try out various stress relief measures like yoga, meditation, music, reading, etc.
9. Get Plenty of Sleep
A good night’s rest every day can put your body on track to work the way it is supposed to. Lack of sleep can cause stress, lower your sex drive and make your more tired.
10. Get a Dental Check-up
Gum disease is linked to preterm labour and low birth weight in babies. Ensure that you schedule a visit to your dentist and have the issue resolved before you get pregnant.
11. Get All the Information
Understand how conception works. Talk to your doctor and get all the information you need before you begin conceiving. It is also important that you read as much as possible to know what you have in store for the following months. Also, track your cycle. Knowing when you are ovulating can increase your chances of pregnancy significantly. You can use ovulation kits for this purpose.
12. Involve Your Partner
Conceiving and preparing to conceive is as much his responsibility as it is yours. You can ask him to start taking folic acid too as it helps with the sperm count. He should also make an effort to stay fit and healthy and give up on smoking, alcohol, or other drugs. It is important for both of your to have a healthy lifestyle to facilitate a healthy pregnancy.
It is also recommended that he visit a doctor and get checked too, as about 30 percent of the infertility cases are the result of male infertility.
As you get ready to welcome a new human being into your home , it is important that you prepare yourself mentally for the task too. You will need to care for and nurture the baby and provide it the best possible atmosphere to grow up in. Making a few fundamental lifestyle changes can contribute very well towards that task.
Also, remember that conceiving may be easy for some and equally difficult for others. Do not lose hope if you don’t conceive immediately. You will need to give it time and have patience, and most importantly, enjoy the process. In case you face serious problems, do check with your doctor about the possible reasons and ways in which you can rectify them.
Also Read: Pregnancy Planning: Things To Do Before Getting Pregnant
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Can You Get Pregnant With Hypothyroidism?
Getting pregnant is not easy, not at least for all women out there. There are many problems that a woman may face while trying to conceive. One of the most common problems that can make it harder for a woman to conceive is hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid, especially when not diagnosed or treated, can make it difficult for a woman to get pregnant. One in ten women have some form of thyroid problem before or during pregnancy, but most of the time it goes undetected. This often raises the question of whether can you get pregnant with hypothyroidism and how it affects fertility. Read on to learn everything about hypothyroidism and its link with infertility in women.
What Is Hypothyroidism?
Firstly, let us understand what exactly the condition is. We all have a thyroid gland located under our voice box, near the neck. This gland produces the thyroid hormone which regulates metabolism in the body (1).
Sometimes, the thyroid gland does not function correctly and as a result, this hormone is produced in low amounts. Such a condition is known as hypothyroidism. Alternatively, hyperthyroidism can occur when the thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones in excess (2). It is safe to say that the thyroid gland is vital for major functions in your body to carry on seamlessly.
Causes of Hypothyroidism
The main cause of hypothyroidism is the improper functioning of the thyroid gland. However, few other causes may also be at play:
Iodine is an essential mineral that keeps the thyroid gland in check to produce the right quantity of thyroid hormones (3). When there is too little iodine in the body, hypothyroidism can occur. Vice versa, too much iodine can also cause the same.
If the thyroid gland gets infected or inflamed (thyroiditis), it can leak its hormones into the bloodstream. This causes hyperthyroidism, which can turn into hypothyroidism after a few months (4).
When you are too stressed, your adrenal glands get activated and produce a hormone called cortisol in excess (5). Cortisol interferes with the normal production of the thyroid hormone and may be a cause of hypothyroidism.
Exposure to heavy metals like mercury can also trigger hypothyroidism.
Hashimoto’s disease, an autoimmune disease that inflames the thyroid gland and affects thyroid hormone production (6). It is one of the most common causes of hypothyroidism.
Surgical removal of the thyroid gland during treatment of diseases like goitre, thyroid cancer etc., can affect the functioning of the thyroid gland and cause hypothyroidism.
How Does It Affect Conception and Pregnancy?
If a woman has an abnormally low (or high) level of thyroid hormone in her body, it can cause fluctuations in her menstrual cycle. This can also affect her ability to ovulate which may make it difficult to get pregnant or in worse cases, may result in infertility. On the other hand, if you are considering pregnancy with hypothyroidism, do remember that miscarriage is a risk. It could also lead to congenital disabilities in the child (7). We know it sounds daunting, but don’t worry, there are many ways to treat the condition and have a baby as normally as possible.
When Do I Go for a Thyroid Function Test?
If you are thinking of having a baby, first, you will have to schedule a thyroid function test. Your doctor will advise you to undergo a few tests before you start trying to get pregnant. Here are the two times when you can consider going for a thyroid function test.
1. Thyroid Profile Test Before Trying to Conceive
You should go to your doctor, if:
Your family has a history of thyroid disorders.
You’ve been trying to get pregnant for six months, but still, are unsuccessful.
You experience symptoms like joint pain, muscle pain, hair loss, constipation, fatigue and lethargy, decreased libido, reduced heart rate and development of a goitre.
You are intolerant to cold.
Your menstrual cycles are irregular, and you experience severe period pain.
You have already had more than two miscarriages.
You gain weight rapidly and find it hard to shed the extra kilos even after exercising and following a healthy diet.
The doctor will take your blood test to determine the levels of two thyroid hormones – thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) in your body. If your T4 levels are low and TSH levels are high, then you might have hypothyroidism (8). If the vice versa occurs, then that might mean irregular or no ovulation.
2. Thyroid Profile Test After Conceiving
You should take the thyroid function test during the initial stages of your pregnancy, if:
If you have any of the above symptoms.
Your family has a history of thyroid disease.
You have an autoimmune disease like type 1 diabetes or lupus.
If you have had radiation to any part of your neck.
If you are above 30 years of age (as the chance to get hypothyroidism increases with age).
How Can Hypothyroidism Affect the Mother and the Baby?
If you have hypothyroidism during pregnancy and you fail to get it treated, then complications like preeclampsia (rapid rise in blood pressure in later stages of pregnancy), miscarriage, premature birth, heart failure, anaemia, and post-birth depression can occur (9).
Likewise, your baby could be born with birth defects. He may have problems like low birth weight, thyroid conditions, mental retardation, etc. Chances of premature birth and stillbirth will also be high (10).
Measures to Take Before Conception
If you have hypothyroidism and you want to get pregnant soon, it is imperative that you seek medical help immediately. You should get the condition treated or in control before you conceive. The reason being that your unborn baby’s thyroid gland will start to function only after the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. Till then, the baby will depend on you for thyroid hormone. So it is essential to have your thyroid functioning properly and thyroid hormone levels stable before attempting to conceive.
The most common treatment for hypothyroidism is given in the form of a pill which your doctor will prescribe. The tablet contains synthetic thyroxine (identical to T4 produced by the thyroid gland) and is meant to substitute its deficiency in your body (11). Your doctor will advise you how often to take it and check your thyroid hormone levels every four weeks during the first three months, gradually adjusting the dosage till your thyroid function is back to normal again.
The treatment is safe, however, it may have minimal side effects. But you can try to get pregnant as soon as you are free of the condition. However, if your thyroid hormone levels remain low, plan a visit to a specialist.
What Is Subclinical Hypothyroidism?
This is a mild form of hypothyroidism which may go unnoticed due to its apparent lack of symptoms. A TSH test can detect it, but in case it is found during pregnancy, undergoing hypothyroidism treatment is still the best option (12).
Measures to Take During Pregnancy
If you get pregnant while you are still being treated for hypothyroidism, go to your doctor immediately. He will suggest the following measures (11):
Increasing the dosage of the pill (synthetic thyroxine) as you will be already under the treatment.
Checking the thyroid function every six to eight weeks during pregnancy.
Monitoring the levels of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to maintain steady hormone levels in the blood. Your doctor may also adjust medication according to these levels during each check.
Here’s what you can do on your part:
Don’t be alarmed if your doctor increases medication up to 50% in the dosage of the pill. During pregnancy, your body needs double the amount of thyroid hormone as you are providing it to your unborn baby as well.
Never switch suddenly from generic medicine to a brand or vice versa during your pregnancy. Stick to what you had been taking before getting pregnant and continue with it until your doctor says otherwise.
Make sure to take the exact dose prescribed by your doctor—not more, not less. Each little action you take may have a huge consequence on your baby, so be very careful.
Lastly, don’t worry. The medication is entirely safe, and it won’t harm you or your baby.
FAQs
1. Is it possible to get pregnant with hypothyroidism?
Yes, many women with hypothyroidism can get pregnant. However, it may be harder if the condition is not treated. Proper medication and hormone balance can improve fertility.
2. Can hypothyroidism cause miscarriage?
Uncontrolled hypothyroidism can increase the risk of miscarriage. Proper treatment lowers this risk significantly.
3. How long does it take to get pregnant after treating hypothyroidism?
It varies for each woman. Many women notice improved fertility within a few months after thyroid levels are controlled.
Hypothyroidism is a condition that can develop in a woman any time. If you are trying to get pregnant and have hypothyroidism, it is best to get the condition treated or controlled. Talk to your doctor and follow her instructions, and you will be fine! Do what your doctor suggests you and you will deliver a healthy and happy baby!
Also Read:
Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy
TSH Levels during Pregnancy
Thyroid and Risk of Miscarriage
Read more
Pregnancy After Vasectomy – Possibility and Options
A vasectomy is one of the most effective ways to prevent pregnancy; it is basically a permanent birth control solution for men. It is reported that after the male partner has a vasectomy, a couple has a less than 1% chance of getting pregnant, but are there any loopholes at all through which the couple can conceive a child? Like any other contraceptive, no birth control method, including vasectomy. So, is there any chance of getting pregnant after a vasectomy? Let’s find out everything about vasectomy, its effect on pregnancy, the efficacy of the test, and whether vasectomy is reversible.
What Is a Vasectomy?
A vasectomy is a surgical intervention that involves tying off the reproductive tubes of a man. In other words, the vas deferens are tied off and severed, thus hampering the sperm from reaching the egg. This is not a temporary form of birth control but a permanent one (1).
The recovery period in the case of a vasectomy is quite short – most men can resume routine activities in just 2 or 3 days, and physical activity in 3 to 7 days (2).
Can you Get Pregnant After a Vasectomy?
Yes, pregnancy after vasectomy is possible but uncommon. A vasectomy is highly effective, though failures can happen if sperm remain in semen after surgery or if the tubes reconnect naturally over time. Semen analysis after the procedure helps confirm success (3).
Chances of Getting Pregnant After Vasectomy
As discussed above, a vasectomy is a permanent method of birth control and is considered to be one of the best ways to avoid an unwanted pregnancy. However, just as all other birth control methods do not have a 100 per cent success rate, having a vasectomy doesn’t guarantee that a couple cannot become pregnant (4). This means there may be a chance of pregnancy after vasectomy even if the husband has undergone a vasectomy. Here’s the good news, though – the chances of getting pregnant after a vasectomy are extremely low. It is observed that in the first year after surgery, the chances of pregnancy may be 1 in 1000, and this may increase from 2 to 10 in the next five years after the surgery.
How Can a Couple Get Pregnant After a Partner Has Had a Vasectomy?
How to get pregnant after vasectomy? Well, there are no surefire ways to make a man or a woman sterile; it is possible that a woman may get pregnant after her partner has had a vasectomy. Here are a few ways this can happen.
1. Having sexual intercourse before the man’s sperm count is confirmed to be zero
Even if a man has had a vasectomy, the sperm may still be present in the semen for up to 2 to 3 months. If a couple has unprotected sex during this time, they may face the possibility of becoming pregnant. Therefore, in the case where pregnancy needs to be avoided, the doctor may recommend that the man undergo sperm analysis to confirm the sperm count is zero before he can have unprotected sex with his partner.
2. Vasectomy reversal
If a couple wishes to conceive after the male partner has had a vasectomy, he can go for reversal surgery. The surgical procedure is performed under anaesthesia, and the vas deferens is reconnected. The vasectomy reversal surgery may bring back the sperm into the semen (5).
3. Recanalisation (natural reversal)
Sometimes, natural reversal or recanalisation may occur when the sperm are able to escape from the microscopic channels that may be present at the cut end of the vas deferens. These channels may form due to some medical complications, such as sperm granuloma and other such conditions. Usually, the doctor will be able to establish this problem while doing the post-semen analysis after the vasectomy, and it may only be present in less than one per cent of cases. However, in rare cases, which are 1 in 4000, late recanalisation may occur too.
4. Surgical errors
Sometimes, a vasectomy may fail due to surgical errors. In case there is a surgical error, it may increase the couple’s odds of pregnancy after the male partner has had a vasectomy. While this is a very rare phenomenon and may seldom happen, it is also a reason to go for a post-semen analysis to establish the success of the vasectomy. Therefore, it is very important that the surgery is done by an expert in the field.
Is a Vasectomy Reversible?
Vasectomy reversal reconnects sperm pathways and may restore fertility in selected cases.
Vasovasostomy : This procedure reconnects the cut ends of the vas deferens to allow sperm flow again.
Vasoepididymostomy : This surgery connects the vas deferens directly to the epididymis when blockage prevents normal sperm flow.
FAQs
1. Can pregnancy happen after a vasectomy?
Although rare, pregnancy can happen after a vasectomy if the tubes reconnect naturally or the procedure fails. The risk is very low after confirmation testing.
2. How soon after a vasectomy is pregnancy still possible?
Pregnancy can still happen until semen testing confirms there are no sperm present. Doctors usually recommend backup contraception for several weeks after the procedure.
3. Can a vasectomy be reversed successfully?
Yes, vasectomy reversal is possible through microsurgery. Pregnancy success rates depend on age, fertility health, and how long ago the vasectomy was performed.
4. How long does it take to get pregnant after vasectomy reversal?
Some couples conceive within months, while others may take a year or longer, depending on sperm quality and reproductive health.
A vasectomy is one of the most preferred forms of birth control, and it also has a very high success rate. However, as discussed above, no form of birth control is a hundred per cent safe. Therefore, in case you want to know more about your options on birth control, you should get in touch with your doctor. Also, if you and your partner wish to have a baby after the vasectomy surgery, it may be possible too. You should get in touch with your doctor and find out about the various ways to increase your chances of getting pregnant after a vasectomy.
Also Read:
Pregnant after Stillbirth
Pregnancy after C-section
Pregnancy after Miscarriage
Stopping Birth Control & its Effects on Conceiving
Read more
Can You Get Pregnant After Menopause? – Chances and Risks
Can a woman get pregnant after menopause? Hmm..quite a question exploring pregnancy after menopause. If you have wondered this question, you are not alone. Menopause marks the end of a woman’s natural reproductive years and natural pregnancy. It refers to a stage which marks the end of a woman’s menstrual cycle and natural pregnancy. It signals a drastic change in the hormones which are responsible for managing fertility in women. So, does that mean a woman can’t get pregnant after menopause? No, she can with the right medical assistance and guidance. Read on for information about the possibility of post menopause and pregnancy.
What Is Menopause?
Menopause can be explained as the absence of menstrual periods for a year, when a woman’s ovaries stop functioning. The term is used to describe the changes a woman experiences prior to the end of her menstrual cycle. It also marks the end of her capacity to reproduce and conceive a baby. It is a normal condition which every woman experiences at an advanced age.
A woman’s ovaries are a storehouse for a massive amount of eggs. The menstruation and ovulation cycles are controlled by hormones like oestrogen and progesterone, which are produced in the ovaries. When the ovaries are unable to release the eggs, menstruation comes to an end, and menopause begins (1).
Difference Between Menopause and Perimenopause
The primary distinguishing factor between menopause and perimenopause is menstruation. Women in perimenopause are capable of producing oestrogen and have regular periods, while women in menopause haven’t had a period for 12 months or more. Perimenopause is a time period the body needs to prepare for menopause, rather than a physical condition itself, while menopause is a medical diagnosis where menses are absent for a minimum of 12 months (2).
Perimenopause is defined as a transition time when your body produces less oestrogen and progesterone. Your periods become irregular in terms of frequency and length, while your hormone levels will fluctuate, leading to hot flashes and sweating at night. During menopause, however, LH and FSH levels are high, and ovulation stops. A common question asked by women is how long it takes for menopause to end. The answer is obvious- Never. This is when postmenopause starts. Please note that it is possible to get pregnant during perimenopause (3).
Is It Possible to Get Pregnant After Menopause?
A common and natural doubt arising amongst menopausal women is “Can a woman get pregnant after menopause?” Once you have received a confirmation from the doctor that menopause has begun, there is no chance of you becoming pregnant (4). Once you reach the menopause stage, there will be no eggs in your ovaries that can be released, hence there is zero possibility of pregnancy too. You can enjoy your sex life to the fullest at this time, since you and your partner won’t have to worry about a surprise.
Although an unplanned pregnancy is not possible, menopause does not protect one against STDs. Hence, practising safe sex using contraceptives is always advised (5). You are also likely to hear tales about women who got pregnant even during their 60s and 70s, but they are more rumours than the truth. During menopause, a pregnancy test will always yield a negative result and is a fruitless effort.
How Common Is Pregnancy After Menopause?
Pregnancy after menopause is uncommon because the ovaries stop releasing eggs permanently. However, pregnancy can still occur during perimenopause when ovulation happens irregularly. Some women may also conceive after menopause through IVF using donor eggs or frozen embryos. However, there is no guarantee that the IVF will be 100% effective in pregnancy after menopause (6).
Signs of Pregnancy After Menopause
The following are the symptoms of pregnancy after menopause:
Missed periods
Nausea or vomiting
Breast tenderness
Fatigue
Frequent urination
Mood swings
Bloating
It is important to remember that these symptoms can sometimes overlap with menopause symptoms, making pregnancy testing important.
Chances of a Woman Getting Pregnant After Menopause With IVF
IVF post menopause has been carried out quite successfully in women who wanted to get pregnant after menopause. A woman can get pregnant using IVF in two ways despite the non-viability of her eggs. Her own eggs that were frozen earlier can be used, or donor eggs can be used, too. You would have to undergo hormonal therapy so that your body is ready for implantation and to nourish a baby for the entire term. However, your doctor will be the right person to decide if your health is good enough for IVF after menopause, as postmenopausal women can experience certain complications after IVF. It is best to consult with a fertility expert in case you have decided to undergo IVF after menopause.
How to Reverse Menopause and Get Pregnant?
The answer to “Can a woman get pregnant after menopause?” is no. However, modern science has found answers to many seemingly impossible questions and there is a lot of research work going on. Use of the mother’s platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is one line of treatment that has caught the attention of clinical researchers. PRP is rich with cytokines and hormones. Ovarian activity restoration is possible for a temporary period, but clinical trials for the same are going on.
What Are The Risks of Getting Pregnant Post Menopause?
As age increases, the health risks in pregnancy increase correspondingly. As compared to younger women, you could face risks of certain kinds if you are above 35. The risks associated with pregnancy during menopause are as follows (7):
Multiple pregnancies, especially if you have chosen IVF-In Vitro Fertilisation as your preferred method. This could lead to low birth weight, pre-term birth and difficult delivery.
Stillbirth or miscarriage
Gestational diabetes, affecting both the mother and the child
Caesarean birth
High blood pressure which needs proper monitoring and medications to prevent future complications
Low birth weight or premature delivery
Placenta praevia (low-lying placenta), which causes severe bleeding and needs medications
Tips for Conceiving After Menopause
A question that haunts most women keen on conceiving is how to get pregnant after menopause. A woman needs to be careful if she decides to conceive post menopause and should emphasize on minimizing risks to the lowest possible levels. The following tips can help you to boost fertility levels and enhance your chances of getting pregnant:
The first step is to bring your body to a high level of wellness before becoming pregnant, whether you are menopausal or not. Three months before trying to get pregnant, you should consume prenatal vitamins and folic acid supplements. You could also start taking vitamin D and calcium to boost your wellness, but check with your doctor before doing so.
Ensure that your Body Mass Index or BMI is between 18.5 and 24.9 before trying to conceive. Obesity is considered to be a critical risk factor in normal pregnancies, especially so with post-menopause pregnancies. Consider a high-protein, low-calorie diet to maintain a healthy weight and BMI. Avoid foods containing saturated fats and white sugar. Avoiding processed foods is advisable.
Visit your doctor to have tests such as a mammogram, a Pap smear, Haemoglobin, Lipid profile, STD tests, and blood tests for diabetes. These preliminary tests are useful for identifying any issues associated with your pregnancy so that necessary steps can be taken.
It is necessary for menopausal women to take the FSH test to check if they are still ovulating. Check for post menopause pregnancy symptoms to be doubly sure. Women cannot produce their own eggs if the test results are 11.4 or above, and medication is rarely helpful in such cases. Fertility centres can be approached to help with pregnancy in such cases.
Menopause Myths
Myth 1: Menopause begins at 50.
Fact: Although the average age for menopause is 52 years, you could begin in your late 30s or even late 60s. If you haven’t had your period for a full 12 months, then you are in menopause for sure.
Myth 2: Weight gain is mandatory during menopause.
Fact: While unwanted weight gain is common in menopause, it isn’t completely unavoidable. Due to rapidly lowering oestrogen levels, there is a hormonal imbalance in your body, and it tries to protect itself by storing fat, thus leading to weight gain. However, through a controlled diet and exercise regimen, it is possible to balance your hormones and maintain weight.
Myth 3: Menopause leads to weakened bones.
Fact: The weakening of bones in a woman’s body has no direct correlation to menopause. Women lose 10% of their bone mass during menopause, which is a normal process around that age. However, when coupled with a family history of weak bones, poor diet and an unchecked lifestyle, the bone loss can be doubled. By reducing stress, undertaking bone-strengthening exercises and getting enough nutrients, you can make sure that your bones stay strong.
Myth 4: Menopause has a huge impact on your sex life.
Fact: Women are blessed to have an active sex life at any age, be it 30 or 90. However, due to hormonal imbalance, a gradual decrease in sex life is possible. Also, factors like vaginal dryness, tiredness and irritability can lead to infrequent sexual activity. The physical symptoms can be addressed through various channels, and the sex drive during menopause can be restored to its former glory.
Myth 5: The later you start menstruating, the later you will start with menopause.
Fact: As a matter of fact, it is the opposite that’s true. If you have started menstruating at a later-than-average age, you are more likely to start menopause earlier. Check for the following clues if you want to predict your menopause age:
Smoking leads to earlier menopause
Alcohol consumption and more pregnancies can mean delayed menopause
Your mother’s menopause age is one of the best indicators of knowing when you will start.
Myth 6: Hot flashes are the first signs of menopause.
Fact: Menopause is usually associated with hot flashes, but there are many other symptoms which can signal the beginning of your menopause. These include difficulty in sleeping, weight gain, hair loss, food cravings, irritability and anxiety, among many others. Due to this wide variety of signs of menopause, it is difficult for women to pinpoint and therefore understand that these are the first signs of menopause or hormonal imbalance.
Are There Any Alternative Options to Conceive Naturally?
Yes, there are several natural methods that you can try to conceive naturally during your menopause stage. The following are practical methods that may help:
1. Maintaining a Healthy Weight
Balanced nutrition and healthy body weight may support hormone balance and ovulation during perimenopause. Make sure to take a good amount of protein, lean meat, healthy fats, such as nuts and olive oil, fresh fruits and colourful vegetables in your plate, and green leafy vegetables.
2. Tracking Ovulation Carefully
Ovulation kits and cycle tracking may help identify fertile windows during irregular cycles.
3. Improving Lifestyle Habits
Reducing smoking, alcohol, and stress helps with the reduction in hot flashes and may improve overall reproductive health (1). Reducing these not only helps with hot flashes, but limiting alcohol also helps reduce the risk of liver disease, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, osteoporosis, and certain types of cancer, including breast cancer (8).
4. Discussing Fertility Preservation
If you are thinking of planning a delayed pregnancy, considering egg freezing before menopause can also help in future.
5. Exploring Hormonal Support
Doctors may recommend fertility medications during perimenopause in selected cases.
6. Consider Assisted Reproductive Techniques
IVF is the most preferred when planning pregnancy during menopause (9). That becomes possible with donor eggs as one of the most common fertility options after menopause.
When to Consult A Doctor?
Consult a doctor if you have missed periods, unusual bleeding, menopause symptoms with possible pregnancy signs, or difficulty conceiving after age 40. Medical advice is also important before attempting pregnancy later in life due to higher health risks.
FAQs
1. Can you get pregnant after menopause naturally?
Natural pregnancy after confirmed menopause is extremely rare because ovulation stops permanently. However, pregnancy may still happen during perimenopause if ovulation continues occasionally. Pregnancy after menopause is only possible using assisted fertility methods, like IVF; however, there’s no guarantee of efficacy.
2. How common is pregnancy after menopause?
Pregnancy after menopause is uncommon without fertility treatments. Most pregnancies in older women occur during perimenopause or through assisted reproductive technologies like IVF.
3. What are the risks of pregnancy after menopause?
Pregnancy later in life carries higher risks of gestational diabetes, high blood pressure, miscarriage, premature birth, and chromosomal abnormalities. Medical supervision is important throughout pregnancy.
4. Can IVF help after menopause?
Yes, IVF using donor eggs or previously frozen eggs may help women conceive after menopause. Success depends on overall health, uterine condition, and medical history.
Now that you understand how menopause can affect your life, you can be better prepared to manage this important phase of your life. It will be easier to face the situation as you can differentiate between myth and reality and understand the role menopause plays in your life. You will also be able to overcome its distressing symptoms confidently and look and feel your best during these trying times.
Also Read:
Pregnancy after D&C
Pregnancy after Stillbirth
Pregnancy after C-section
Premature Ovarian Failure
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Pregnancy After 35: Chances, Risks, and Fertility Tips
Pregnancy after 35 is absolutely possible, although your chances of conceiving naturally gradually decrease with age. According to Johns Hopkins Medicine, female fertility begins to decline around age 35 and drops more rapidly after age 37, but many women in their late 30s and early 40s go on to have successful pregnancies with the right medical care (1).
In this guide, you’ll learn how age affects fertility, your chances of getting pregnant after 35, the possible risks for both mother and baby, warning signs to watch for, fertility-boosting tips, and when it’s the right time to consult a fertility specialist. Whether you’re planning your first pregnancy or expanding your family, this article will help you make informed decisions.
Does Age Factor Affect Fertility?
Yes, age affects fertility levels in both men and women. Age plays an important role in conception. It can affect a woman’s chances of conceiving and having a healthy baby. Furthermore, as one ages, their chances of being exposed to different medical conditions and chronic diseases like diabetes and high blood pressure are also higher (2). Medical conditions can also affect the fertility levels in a couple.
Complications of Pregnancy After Age 35
While many women have healthy pregnancies later in life, the risks of pregnancy after 35 can be higher due to age-related factors and certain medical conditions. Below are some possible complications to be aware of (3) (4).
Chances of giving birth to a low-birth weight baby or a premature baby are higher. There could also be a chance of the baby being born with genetic disorders.
There’s a risk of multiple pregnancy (twins, triplets, and quadruplets) because of ART procedures.
Fertility problems could arise, including having trouble getting pregnant due to fewer eggs in the ovulation phase.
In the case of pre-existing diabetes, which damages different internal organs, can cause fertility problems.
There’s a risk of gestational diabetes and medical conditions like preeclampsia, hypertension, etc.
There’s a chance of stillbirths (when babies die inside the womb after 20 weeks of pregnancy), miscarriage, and birth defects (like babies being born with Down syndrome and chromosomal abnormalities).
What Tests Need to Be Done to Have a Healthy Pregnancy After 35?
Getting a prenatal test and healthcare evaluation are priorities for pregnant mothers. Do not wait until the last moment and make sure you do the following tests before and after your pregnancy.
Before Pregnancy Test
The two main issues that arise during this time are fertility problems or need diet/mental health issues. In these cases, it is imperative that you converse with your local medical professional and get an updated evaluation of your health. A before-pregnancy test will reveal whether or not you’re fit for pregnancy.
Get preconception counselling done and a medical evaluation. Talk to your doctor regarding your medical history. These include genetic health conditions that run in the family. This will be useful in figuring out whether or not your baby will be at risk of having birth defects and chromosomal abnormalities.
In case you are suffering from chronic medical ailments like diabetes, high blood pressure, or depression, you must seek treatment for them before choosing to get pregnant.
Overweight and obese women are at a higher risk of developing pregnancy complications like gestational diabetes and preeclampsia (5). Lose your weight and go on a nutritional diet plan (combined with exercise regimes) to shed those pounds and prepare for a safer pregnancy.
400 mcg folic acid multivitamin supplements are recommended for women who are planning on becoming pregnant. Folic acid promotes proper cell and tissue growth in the body and prevents birth and neural tube development defects in babies (6).
Avoid smoking, overdosing on prescription drugs or using illicit drugs. These not only harm you but can put the health of the foetus at risk. Some of the issues that can crop up because of this include premature and underweight babies (7).
Avoid exposure to unsafe chemicals at home and outdoors, including chemicals from certain cleaning products and detergents. These may lead to birth defects in babies.
After Pregnancy Test
Once you find out you are pregnant, you should get the following tests done.
Go to all your prenatal tests and get a healthcare evaluation even if you feel fine. We recommend cell-free DNA foetal screening and maternal blood screening for mothers who recently became pregnant. Diagnostic tests like chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis will uncover whether or not your baby is at risk of developing certain birth defects if blood tests are abnormal (8). Ask your trusted health professional whether you need any vaccinations. Women are usually expected to have a flu shot after getting pregnant.
Check with your healthcare provider or doctor regarding any existing medications you take and their dosages after the pregnancy. You may need to alter dosages or change medications depending on how they affect your baby and the overall pregnancy.
Your emotional state matters during a pregnancy. Practice yoga, meditation and participate in stress-free activities which make you feel good and happy. Get plenty of rest and keep yourself mentally and emotionally healthy.
You will need to gain weight during pregnancy. Ask your doctor how much you need to gain and consult with your dietician regarding adding specific supplements and foods to your diet. Make sure you’re not sedentary and stay moderately active for a healthy delivery.
How Can You Lower the Risk of Pregnancy Problems?
If you’re trying to conceive after 35 years of age, here’s what you can do to lower your risk of pregnancy complications (9).
Avoid illicit drugs, caffeine, smoking, and alcohol consumption.
Stay healthy by being active and living on a healthy, nutritionally-balanced diet.
Take care of your emotional and mental wellbeing by being stress-free through yoga, meditation, and regular exercise.
Give it time. Ideally, it takes between 1 to 2 years for older women to conceive, so stay positive and do not expect results immediately.
Maintain a healthy weight since being overweight or underweight affects hormonal functions.
Consider shopping for fertility screening instruments and over-the-counter at-home fertility screening tests. These can be used for checking your basal body temperature, state of cervical fluids and identifying whether your partner has any fertility problems. This will make things go a lot smoother as they will help pinpoint the ideal time for regular intercourse for conception.
Consider taking a supplement that contains DHEA. This will bolster the quality of your eggs during ovulation and increase the chances of fertilisation.
In some instances, you may have tried every method stated above and still can’t seem to conceive after a period of six months. If this is so, then it’s time to visit your healthcare provider or a doctor for undergoing medically-diagnosed fertility tests.
What Women Can Do If They Are Having Trouble Getting Pregnant?
If you’re looking for tips for conceiving after 35, there are several lifestyle changes and medical strategies that can improve your chances of getting pregnant. Here are some practical tips to help increase your chances of conception.
Follow a Healthy Lifestyle: Maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding drugs, and alcohol and eating a healthy diet are everyday choices that you need to make. It can treat your fertility problems and make it easier getting pregnant after 35 naturally. Make sure you’re physically active and that your partner is too.
Rest and Relax: Life can be hectic for you but that shouldn’t stop you from spending the time to relax mentally and emotionally. These are natural therapies for any woman who wishes to have a healthy pregnancy after 35. You can try attending yoga classes, Tai Chi, Qi Gong and try out Art therapy for a dose of relaxation and everyday holistic well-being.
Medical Methods: You can try artificial insemination, IVF and variations including ICSI if you’re having trouble getting pregnant. Hormone therapy is recommended as well. However, keep in mind that none of these methods will guarantee successful conception or pregnancy since success rates vary with age and individual profiles.
The best thing you can do is speak to a doctor you trust to understand what you can do to increase your chances of conception if you are 35 years of age or above.
Things to Remember
Before you lose heart, please remember that it takes time to conceive naturally if you’re 35 years of age or older. Changing your lifestyle and habits into healthier ones are things every woman should strive for before deciding to conceive or have a baby. Discuss with your partner any fertility problems and attend couples’ therapy (if you’re having relationship issues) to make sure that you are both on the same page. After that, make sure to follow up with a fertility specialist before getting pregnant and you’ll be good to go.
FAQs
1. How long should I try to conceive after 35 before seeing a doctor?
If you’re 35 or older and have been trying to conceive for six months without success, it’s recommended that you consult a fertility specialist. Early evaluation can identify any underlying issues and improve your treatment options.
2. Does pregnancy after 35 always require a C-section?
No. Being over 35 does not automatically mean you’ll need a cesarean delivery. Many women have safe vaginal births, although your doctor may recommend a C-section if medical complications arise.
3. Should I take prenatal vitamins before getting pregnant?
Yes. Doctors recommend starting prenatal vitamins at least one month before trying to conceive. Folic acid is especially important because it helps reduce the risk of neural tube defects in the developing baby.
It’s not impossible to get pregnant after 35. In fact, if you live healthily and take good care of yourself, your chances of getting pregnant after 35 might increase. Start preparing early, and you’ll thank yourself down the line.
Also Read:
Full-Term Pregnancy
Unexpected Pregnancy
In Vitro Fertilisation for Infertility Treatment
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Pregnancy in Your 30s: Chances, Risks, and Tips
This health content has been medically reviewed by qualified experts and follows the FirstCry Parenting editorial policy to ensure accuracy and reliability.
Is pregnancy in your 30s successful? Many women consider that 30s is the right time to get pregnant because they have settled in their career, have financial stability, and are wise enough to deal with the challenges of motherhood. And thanks to increased financial independence, job security, and late marriages, women are considering having children later rather than earlier nowadays. However, the chances of getting pregnant after turning 30 begin to reduce due to biological changes. If you have been thinking about delaying your pregnancy, you may want to consider the pros and cons, and only then make a decision. In this article, we have tried to address all the possible concerns you would have about getting pregnant in your 30s. Read on to know more.
Chances of Getting Pregnant at 30
A woman’s chances of a successful pregnancy after the age of 30 (30-34) are as high as 86%. But on the downside, the risk of miscarriage also rises to 20%. In most cases, couples don’t need fertility treatment in their early 30s. But doctors suggest that a woman should still visit a gynaecologist for a check-up when planning for a baby.
If you plan to get pregnant in your late 30s, you should know that the chances of pregnancy during the late 30s (35-39) are considerably higher, but still lower than those in their early 30s. Research suggests that about 78% of women in the late 30s conceive, particularly if they are under 37. However, the risks of miscarriage, Down syndrome or abnormal pregnancy increase.
While most women trying for a baby have a 15-20% chance of conceiving in a month, some (around 30%) may take a year or more. A visit to a specialist is recommended if you have been trying for 6 months. In most cases, getting pregnant in your thirties may require In Vitro Fertilization (IVF).
If you are not ready to get pregnant even in your late 30s, don’t worry. Thanks to medical advancements, you can freeze your eggs up until age 40 and have a good chance of pregnancy even in your mid-40s.
Pros and Cons of Conceiving in Your 30s
If you are considering putting off your decision to start a family, you may wonder ‘is it harder to get pregnant in your 30s’ here are some facts that may help you make an informed decision:
Pros
The pros of having a baby after age 30 include the following (3):
Financial Stability – This is perhaps the biggest reason why women choose to have children in their 30s. Most women are settled in their careers in 30s. In your 30s, you will be older, wiser, capable of saving money and making better financial decisions. Expensive baby items, diapers, nannies won’t make you break out in a sweat.
Relationship Stability – By the time you are in your 30s, chances are, you will be in a stable, healthy relationship. Most women prefer to wait for a couple of years after marriage to get to know their husbands and discover themselves. Just think how stressful the initial few years of marriage would be with its difficulties and adjustments and throw a baby in the mix! Too much to handle, right?
More Experienced – Just think back to what you were when you were 23. Barely more mature than a child! By the time you are in your 30s, you will have travelled, worked, lived and gained more experience. You will be wiser, calmer and can provide more support for your child.
Having a Support Group – If you have a baby at 25, chances are you will be the only mom among your friends, as most women wait to get pregnant until they turn 30 or something. You will find yourself running to your parents or to other much older women for advice. When you have a baby in your 30s, your support group will consist mostly of mothers of the same age and like-minded.
You’ll Look and Feel Younger – Most mothers admit that having children made them age faster. If you are having a baby at twenty-four, then by the time you are 30 years old, you will have a 6-year-old on your hands. Most of your friends will just start having babies, making them appear much younger.
Understanding Your Body – As you get older, the better you get at caring for your body and understanding what it needs. This will help you nourish your baby and stay healthy during pregnancy.
Cons
Although the pros might convince you to have a baby after age 30, there may be certain tough situations you will have to deal with. It is better to bear these in mind so that you are prepared for them and can manage them properly. Here are some common pregnancy complications after age 30 (1):
Take Longer to Conceive – After age 30, some women may find it difficult to conceive. It is mainly because ovulation becomes more erratic as the female body matures. The number of eggs goes down considerably, and the quality of eggs released also starts diminishing. All these factors result in infertility, which makes it harder to conceive in your thirties (2).
Lifestyle Diseases – As you grow older, many medical problems, such as thyroid, diabetes, obesity, and high blood pressure, start to creep in and affect you and your baby’s health. These conditions increase the risk of premature delivery.
Develop Pregnancy Complications – You are at a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes or high blood pressure during pregnancy. You will need to follow a strict diet plan, exercise, and visit your gynaecologist.
Need for a C-section – Pregnancy complications in the 30s also include problems such as difficult labour and sustained labour pain because of the following issues:
The cervix isn’t opening properly.
The baby’s movements are not right.
The contractions are not powerful enough to get the baby out.
Health of Your Baby – A pregnancy in the 30s puts the baby’s health at a greater risk. Babies born to older women often run the risk of acquiring genetic problems like Down syndrome or a spinal cord defect. Gynaecologists conduct prenatal tests like amniocentesis and regular ultrasounds to make sure that the baby is healthy.
Changes in Lifestyle – As you get older, taking care of your baby gets harder. You may also be used to a certain lifestyle, which may require changes. This gets tougher in pregnancy in the late 30s and more.
How to Boost Fertility in Your 30s
Want to know how to boost fertility in your 30s naturally? Below are a few tips on preparing for pregnancy in your 30s (4):
Go Off the Pill: This one is most obvious. If you have been on contraceptive pills, stop using them for a couple of months before you start trying to get pregnant.
Stop Smoking/ Drinking: Avoid smoking and drinking while trying to conceive. Ask your partner to cut down on smoking and drinking, as it can lower sperm count in men. Some lifestyle changes are required for a healthy pregnancy and for a healthy baby.
Exercise: Exercise is highly recommended for you if you are planning to get pregnant in your 30s. It will not only help you lose weight if you are on the heavier side, but it will also raise your fitness levels, making it easier for you to get pregnant. For beginners, we recommend yoga. Upon conceiving, you may enrol in exercise classes for pregnant women to make sure you are healthy enough to bear the child and lower any chances of pregnancy complications.
Ensure Your Partner is Healthy Too: Male fertility matters just as much female fertility matters. Approx 30% infertility issues arise from male factor issues. Make sure your partner’s sperm health is good. Male partners should avoid wearing tight underwears, prolonged hot baths, and exposure to laptop heat near groin. Avoiding smoking and alcohol, regular exercising, stress management will improve sperm health.
Manage Your Stress: After a certain point in life, there is no running away from stress. If you are trying to get pregnant and are in your 30s, several factors might raise your stress levels and take a toll on your body. They might delay your pregnancy or develop pregnancy-related complications. It is, therefore, very important to manage physical and mental stress. You may seek help from your husband or family to take care of some of your tasks so that you can rest or exercise a little. Also, do not forget to meditate as it helps calm jittery nerves and make better decisions.
Visit Your Doctor: Many experts recommend visiting a gynaecologist before you start trying to get pregnant to rule out any chronic illness, like asthma or diabetes. After pregnancy, regular check-ups will help monitor your and your baby’s health, and address any medical problems immediately.
Be Careful About Medicines: If you take medicines for existing medical conditions, be sure to consult your doctor, as many medicines are not suitable for pregnant women. You may complete the dosage, or ask the doctor to prescribe alternative medicines that will not affect your pregnancy. Self-medication is also a big no-no.
Maintain a Healthy Diet: Don’t forget to eat healthy foods. Ensure your diet includes all the nutrients required by your body for a healthy pregnancy and childbirth. So, eat fresh fruits, vegetables, and drink lots of water.
Maintain a Healthy Weight: Did you know that excess weight gain or being underweight interferes with ovulation and hormone balance (5)? Thus, a BMI between 18.5-24.9 is generally considered optimal for fertility, though individual variation exists.
Improve Egg Quality: An anti-inflammatory diet is a great marker in improving egg quality. Since you can’t reverse ageing, you can for sure create an ideal place for the egg to fertilise. An anti-inflammatory diet consisting of whole grains, healthy fats (nuts, olive oil, fatty fish, avocados), lean proteins (fish, legumes, poultry), colourful vegetables and fruits, and limited red meat (once weekly or less).
Start with the Right Micronutrients: Before you even conceive, supplementing your body with the right nutrients will ensure healthy egg development and prevent birth defects. Folic acid is one of the essential supplements that reduces miscarriage risk by up to 50% and supports healthy fetal development.
Essential supplements for women 30-35:
Folic acid: 400-800 mcg daily (start 3 months before trying to conceive)
Vitamin D: 1,000-2,000 IU daily (low levels linked to reduced fertility)
Iron: 18 mg daily (supports oxygen transport to eggs)
Calcium: 1,000 mg daily (works with vitamin D for hormone regulation)
Other Facts Related to Pregnancy in the 30s
Other than the factors mentioned above, here are some facts regarding getting pregnant in the 30s that you must know. These may or may not help you get pregnant after age 30, but it is always good to be informed.
1. Sexual Positions Don’t Affect Your Chances of Conception
It’s true! You may think that a certain sexual position may help you get pregnant faster, but that’s not true. No study can confirm that a particular position is better than the other in achieving pregnancy.
2. Men Play an Important Part Too
Pregnancy in your thirties doesn’t just revolve around female partners; male partners have a significant role, too. The age of the father also affects the time it takes to conceive. About 15% of men beyond 35 fail to impregnate their wives after a year of trying. But leading a healthy lifestyle can help a couple get pregnant faster.
3. Miscarriages Are More Common Than You Think
Around 30% of all pregnancies end in miscarriage. Unfortunately, due to the taboo associated with it, very few people talk about it openly.
When to See a Doctor?
If you are trying to get pregnant in your 30s, here are some instances in which you should consult a doctor:
If you are under 35 and have been trying to conceive for more than a year.
If you have any pre-existing conditions, such as endometriosis or PCOD.
If you are over 35 and have been trying to conceive for more than 6 months.
You have had difficulty conceiving or had miscarriages in the past.
FAQs
1. Is It Possible to Have a Normal Delivery in Your 30s?
Yes, it is indeed safely possible to have a normal delivery during your 30s if no risks have been determined by the doctor. Make sure you consult your doctor and ensure all your check-ups occur on time.
2. What Is the Safest Age to Get Pregnant?
The safest time to get pregnant is in your mid to late twenties and even early thirties if you are healthy. However, it also depends on any pre-existing conditions and lifestyle habits.
3. Is 35 too old to get pregnant?
No. Many women naturally conceive at 35 and above. However, if you have been trying for over a year, it is advised to consult a doctor.
4. What are the risks of getting pregnant in your 30s?
An increased risk of high blood pressure, gestational diabetes, preterm baby, low birth weight, miscarriage, stillbirth, multiple pregnancy, and preeclampsia is present.
Don’t fret if you are not ready to have a child in your 20s. Remember, medical science has advanced tremendously, and most women are giving birth to happy, healthy babies in their 30s and even mid-forties. If you take care of your health, eat right and exercise regularly, you can have a happy pregnancy and a healthy baby even in your 30s.
Also Read:
Getting Pregnant in Your 40’s
Getting Pregnant at 50’s
How to Get Pregnant Fast With Irregular Periods
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How to Conceive Twins – Natural Ways & Medical Methods
Giving birth to a child is one of the most rewarding experiences for a woman. Some bring double happiness into their lives with twins. While most twin pregnancies are unplanned, having twins isn’t always lucky. So, how to get a twin? You can increase your chances of having twins ( or even triplets) if you take certain measures, such as consuming certain herbs and different sex positions. While genetics plays a significant role in determining the likelihood of having twins, there are various natural ways to boost the chances of conceiving twins. Nevertheless, it’s crucial to remember that having twins can increase the risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Please remember that there’s no sure-shot way of conceiving twins, but ways to increase the likelihood of conceiving twins. Read more to learn more about how to have twins.
How to Get Pregnant With Twins?
There are two kinds of twins: identical and fraternal (1).
Fraternal twins, also known as dizygotic twins, are developed when the sperm fertilises two eggs. These twins are usually of opposite genders. They don’t share the same placenta or even the same genetic makeup.
Identical twins share the same placenta and the same genes. Also known as monozygotic twins, the gender of the twins is usually the same, with a few exceptions. In this case, the sperm fertilises an egg that later splits into separate embryos.
Many people searching for how to fall pregnant with twins often want to understand these differences, as the chances of conceiving identical and fraternal twins vary.
Some General Odds of Having Twins
Having twins is a fascinating phenomenon in about 1 in every 30 births worldwide. While the odds of having twins may vary depending on age, genetics, and ethnicity, general odds apply to most women.
For instance, the chances of having twins are higher for older women, particularly those over 35. Additionally, women with a family history of twins or who have given birth to twins are more likely to have twins again in subsequent pregnancies.
Furthermore, certain ethnic groups, such as African Americans and Nigerians, have a higher incidence of twinning than other populations. However, it’s essential to note that having twins comes with a higher risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth, so it’s crucial to seek appropriate medical care and advice from a healthcare provider.
Despite the potential challenges, having twins can be a unique and rewarding experience for families, and seeing two little bundles of joy grow and thrive is immeasurable. If you’re wondering how to conceive twins naturally, read ahead to know more.
Factors That Increase Your Chances of Conceiving Twins
Studies show that women with a family history of twins are more likely to conceive twins themselves. Furthermore, the socio-environmental factors, maternal age, increase in the spontaneous abortion rate, and increase in the use of contraceptives are among other factors that could influence the twinning rate (2). Here is the detailed information for better understanding:
1. Multiple Pregnancies
If you have had a previous pregnancy, there may be a higher chance of having twins. This possibility may improve with the number of pregnancies. However, it is not certain that it will do (3).
2. Weight
Studies have shown that women with a body mass index (BMI) above 30 are more likely to conceive twins compared to women with a lower BMI (4).
3. Heredity
Genetics has a lot to do with having twins (5). If you have a twin sibling or a history of twins in your family, your likelihood of having twins is increased. If you or your mother is a twin, or your mother’s side has a history of fraternal twins, your chances of having twins are elevated, as there’s a higher probability of hyperovulation, which involves releasing two eggs during ovulation (4).
However, it’s essential to note that if your partner has a twin or a family history of twins, it won’t influence your own chances of having twins, as this genetic predisposition primarily rests with the person who produces the eggs, i.e., the mother.
4. Maternal Age
Women above the age of 35 are more likely to have non-identical twins because they produce more follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH) than younger women, and they’re more likely to release more than one egg during ovulation (6). How is this related to having twins? Let us explain. This hormone supports the release of high amounts of eggs during ovulation. The more the hormone, the more the chances of eggs being released during ovulation, which may lead to the possibility of having multiple fetuses.
5. Ethnicity
Your race plays an important role, as well. As per the University of Rochester Medical Center, African-American individuals assigned female at birth have a higher likelihood of having twins compared to other racial groups, like Asian Americans and Native Americans, who have the lowest rates of twin births. When it comes to higher-order multiple births, such as triplets or more, individuals assigned females at birth who are White in origin have the highest rates, particularly if they are older than 35 (7).
6. Fertility Treatments
Some fertility treatments, like IVF, can drastically increase your chances of becoming pregnant with twins, as more than one embryo may be transferred (8).
How to Have Twins Naturally
If you’re wondering how to increase your chances of getting pregnant with twins, try these natural ways:
1. Delay Your Next Pregnancy
A sufficient gap between pregnancies may increase the chances of conceiving twins. Please note that since there is no controlled study, there is a likelihood that this may not hold true.
2. Increase Your Consumption of Dairy Products
It is believed that the growth hormones present in milk (dairy from cows with growth hormone treatment) may help in conceiving twins. This statement is supported by a 2006 study published in the Journal of Reproductive Medicine that concluded that genotypes promoting higher IGF levels and diets rich in dairy products, particularly in regions where cattle are treated with growth hormones, seem to increase the likelihood of multiple pregnancies through ovarian stimulation. It also resulted that vegan women (who do not consume dairy) planning to conceive twins have only 1/5th of the twinning rate of vegetarians and non-vegetarian women (9) (10).
3. Ask Your Partner to Consume Zinc-Rich Foods
Since zinc-rich foods accelerate the production of sperm, your partner may ask him to consume zinc-rich foods, such as yoghurt, pumpkin seeds, and lamb (11). Increased sperm production may help with the probability of fertilising more than one egg.
4. Eat Protein-Rich Foods
Since a lot of your chances of conceiving twins depend upon hyperovulation, protein-rich foods may be helpful to promote the same. Whole grains, tofu, and especially yams may help hyper-stimulate your ovaries.
Apart from genetics, diet is another factor that is believed to have influenced the high twinning rate in southwest Nigeria, as mentioned in the 2008 study. Yam (Discorea sp.) is generally believed to have a natural hormone called phytoestrogen, which may have helped stimulate multiple ovulation in Yoruba people (2).
5. Take Folic Acid Supplements
Folic acid supplements are highly regarded for preventing neural tube defects in the fetus when supplemented during pregnancy. However, there is a common misconception around twinning and folic acid intake. Highly debated, but the association of preconceptional folate supplement intake and twinning has not yielded any significant results. It is recommended to consult your doctor for a better understanding.
Fertility Treatments That Can Result in Twins
As per the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, the risk of multiple gestation with IVF with a single embryo transfer is as low as 3% (1 in 33), whereas it is 30% (1 in 3) with gonadotropins, which boosts ovulation (12). You would have a better shot at conceiving twins if you chose fertility treatments over natural methods. Some of the treatments are:
1. IUI (Intrauterine Insemination)
This method is usually teamed with fertility drugs to boost chances. In simple terms, sperm is injected directly into the uterus, which may fertilise more eggs than in the natural method.
2. IVF (In-vitro Fertilization)
In this treatment, the number of embryos placed in the uterus may make a difference. Since multiple embryos are implanted, the likelihood of more than one embryo surviving may increase. However, it is important to remember that IVF does not always help conceive identical twins, as the chances of fertilising more than one egg through this method are purely hit-and-miss.
Fertility Supplements and Drugs to Conceive Twins
Sometimes, it’s best to combine two methods for better results. As mentioned above, IUI is an excellent example of teaming treatment and drugs to enhance the chances of conceiving twins. The basic idea behind the fertility drugs or supplements, such as Clomifene citrate (Clomid), Metformin, and Gonadotrophins, is that they will regulate hormones while also promoting a healthy reproductive system.
Listed below are fertility supplements and drugs that can help boost the process.
A) Drugs
Certain fertility drugs can increase the chances of conceiving twins.
1. Gonadotropin
Certain medications can increase the likelihood of conceiving twins by promoting the health and maturation of eggs. Gonadotropins, in particular, may stimulate the release of multiple eggs simultaneously. Although considered under Pregnancy Category C with the potential to cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women, Chorionic Gonadotropin therapy, if done before conception, may stimulate multiple ovulations with multiple gestations (mostly twins) in about 20% of pregnancies (13). It is to be noted that gonadotrophins also pose a risk of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) in women (14).
2. Clomiphene or Clomiphene Citrate
Clomiphene is an oral medication that allows the body to increase the production of hormones that help the eggs mature in the ovaries, thereby increasing the chances of a multiple pregnancy.
B) Supplements
Some supplements can help support fertility and prepare the body for pregnancy.
1. Progesterone
This is also known as the pregnancy hormone and is crucial in sustaining pregnancy.
2. Folic Acid Supplements
This helps eliminate congenital disabilities, especially those related to the spine and nervous system.
Fertility Herbs for Having Twins
Here are a few useful fertility herbs that can boost your chances of conceiving twins.
1. Liquorice Root
This sweet little herb is known to be quite a champion in helping to conceive. It helps regulate the menstrual cycle while regulating hormonal levels, thereby improving fertilisation.
2. Maca Root
This herb accelerates fertility in both females and males, thereby improving the chances of conceiving twins.
3. Flaxseed Oil
This helps not just in creating a hormonal balance but also promotes better fertility in females. It also helps in regulating the menstrual cycle, thereby aiding ovulation and making conception easier.
4. Evening Primrose Oil
Evening primrose oil is known to promote the health of the cervical mucus, which might help the sperm survive within the ovary for a longer time.
5. Sweet Cassava
Sweet cassava is thought to help with hyperovulation, thereby increasing the possibilities of multiple fetuses.
6. Chaste Tree Berry
Vitex, or chaste tree berry, is believed to improve hormonal levels and promote ovulatory function, which benefits fertilisation.
7. Black Cohosh
This is another natural herb that is believed to promote fertility.
Please Note: Since these are herbs that have gone through limited scientific research, it is recommended to consult a doctor or herbalist first before taking any of the medical drugs, supplements, and herbs.
Do Specific Sex Positions Help to Conceive Twins?
While there are no guarantees when conceiving twins, some believe that certain sex positions may increase the chances of conceiving or having twins. Here are four positions on this topic:
Doggy Style Position: Some studies have found that the doggy style position may increase the likelihood of having twins. This is because it allows for deeper penetration, increasing the chances of the sperm fertilising both eggs.
Missionary Position: Another study suggests that the missionary position may also increase the chances of having twins. This position allows for closer sperm-to-egg proximity, which may increase the likelihood of fertilising both eggs.
Standing Up: The standing up position during intercourse has also been linked to an increased chance of having twins. This is because gravity can help the sperm travel faster and more efficiently towards the eggs, increasing the chances of multiple fertilisations.
Despite the studies, it’s important to note that there is no scientific evidence to conclusively prove that sex positions can determine the gender of your baby or increase your chances of having twins. Many factors contribute to the likelihood of having twins, including genetics, age, and fertility treatments. Therefore, it’s always best to focus on maintaining a healthy lifestyle and seeking medical advice if you’re trying to conceive twins.
What Are the Risks of Conceiving Twins?
Twin pregnancies come with their own risks. Some of them are (15):
Fetal Complications
Low birth weight
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS)
Premature delivery
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
Stillbirth
Congenital disabilities like cerebral palsy and autism
Maternal Complications
Gestational diabetes
Hypertensive Disorders
Anaemia
Preeclampsia
Sciatica and Low back pain
Need for a C-section
FAQs
1. How common is it to have twins?
Twins are fairly uncommon, at least in India. But with fertility treatments increasing the incidence of twins, the numbers are constantly increasing.
2. I have twins in my family. Does that increase my chances?
Genetics play an important role, and you stand a good chance of conceiving twins if there is a pair in your family. However, even genetics doesn’t come with a guarantee.
3. What are the facts and myths of having twins?
Whether you are trying to conceive twins or merely exploring the possibility, you will come across several myths. Some of them are listed below:
Myth 1: Therapies, such as aromatherapy, acupuncture, naturopathy, and chiropractic procedures, increase the chances of having twins. However, this is all a myth.
Myth 2: Many people believe that men inherit their genes from their mothers, so they may pass the same genes to their daughters, who may give birth to twins in the next generation. So, twins skip a generation. However, this is all a belief and a myth.
Myth 3: Eating proteins and dairy products accelerates ovulation. However, it does not guarantee conceiving twins.
4. Can I deliver twins through natural birth?
Yes, it is possible to deliver twins through natural birth. However, it depends on various factors, such as the position of the babies in the womb, the mother’s health, and the progress of labour. In some cases, a cesarean section may be necessary to ensure the safety of both the mother and the babies.
5. Can I conceive twins if I am breastfeeding?
Breastfeeding does not increase your chances of conceiving twins. However, breastfeeding may suppress ovulation, making it less likely for you to conceive. It’s essential to remember that the chances of having twins are primarily determined by genetics and other factors, such as age and fertility treatments.
6. Are tall women more likely to have twins?
There is no strong scientific evidence that states that tall women are more likely to have twins. While genetics, maternal age, and fertility treatments significantly influence twin pregnancies, height, in particular, is not considered a determining factor.
While getting pregnant with twins can prove to be quite challenging, you can surely attempt the above-mentioned methods if you have your heart set on having twins.
Also Read:
Types of Twins in Pregnancy
Twins Delivery – All You Must Know
Healthy Diet Plan for Twin Pregnancy
Twin Pregnancy: Symptoms & Key Signs
Foods That Increase Your Chances of Conceiving Twins
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Role of Zygote in Fetal Development
The journey of human life begins with a single cell called the zygote, formed when a sperm fertilises an egg. Though microscopic, the zygote plays a monumental role in fetal development. This tiny cell holds all the genetic information needed to create a complete human being and is the foundation from which all other cells in the body will grow. From this single cell, a complex process of division and differentiation begins, setting the stage for the development of organs, systems, and the eventual birth of a baby.
Curious about how this little cell becomes a whole human being? Read on to learn all about the developing zygote and its essential role in fetal development.
What Is a Zygote?
A zygote is a fertilised egg—the very first stage of human development. In scientific terms, the zygote definition refers to this single cell that contains a complete set of genetic material from both parents, providing the blueprint for a new individual. This initial cell holds the DNA that will guide all future development as it begins to divide and grow into a multicellular organism (1).
How Is a Zygote Formed?
A zygote is formed through a process called fertilisation. Zygote fertilisation occurs when a sperm cell from the male successfully penetrates the outer surface of an egg cell from the female. This happens in the fallopian tube shortly after ovulation. During fertilisation, the sperm and egg each contribute half of the genetic material needed to create a complete set of DNA, resulting in a single cell with a complete set of chromosomes—this is the zygote. Once formed, the zygote immediately begins to divide and grow, marking the start of a new life and the earliest stages of human development (13).
How Many Days Does the Zygote Phase Last?
The zygote phase is brief, typically lasting about four days after fertilisation. During this phase, the zygote travels down the fallopian tube toward the uterus. As it moves, it undergoes rapid cell division, transforming from a single cell into a cluster of cells. Around the fourth day, the zygote becomes a structure called a blastocyst, marking the end of the zygote phase and the beginning of the next stage in early development.
Common Complications in the Zygote Stage
The zygote stage is a critical early phase of development, but complications can sometimes prevent it from progressing successfully. Here are some common complications that may arise during the zygote stage:
1. Chromosomal Abnormalities
Chromosomal abnormalities occur when there are errors in the genetic material of the zygote. This is a common cause of pregnancy loss in the first few weeks.
Chromosomal abnormalities can be numerical or structural. Numerical abnormalities occur when a chromosome is missing or extra, as seen in conditions like Down syndrome (Trisomy 21). Structural abnormalities happen when a chromosome is altered; sections may be deleted, duplicated, or rearranged (11).
2. Failure to Implant
After fertilisation, the zygote travels to the uterus and successfully implant into the uterine lining. Sometimes, due to factors like hormonal imbalances or uterine health issues, the zygote fails to implant, which prevents pregnancy from continuing.
3. Ectopic Pregnancy
In rare cases, the fertilised zygote implants outside the uterus, most commonly in a fallopian tube. This is known as an ectopic pregnancy and is a serious complication that cannot result in a viable pregnancy, often requiring medical intervention to prevent health risks to the mother (12).
How Does Assisted Reproduction Help to Create Zygotes?
Assisted reproduction techniques have revolutionised fertility treatment by helping create zygotes outside the body. These methods assist couples struggling with infertility or those seeking to achieve a pregnancy through a surrogate.
Here are some common methods used in assisted reproduction to create a zygote:
Medications: They can stimulate egg or sperm production, increasing the chances of fertilisation and zygote formation.
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI): This method involves placing sperm directly into the uterus, allowing it to reach the egg more easily and form a zygote within the body (8).
In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF): In IVF, eggs and sperm are combined outside the body in a lab. After fertilisation, the resulting zygote grows into an embryo, which can then be transferred to the uterus (9).
Embryo Cryopreservation: It enables embryos created through IVF to be frozen and stored for future use, giving patients flexibility in planning pregnancy (10).
How Does a Zygote Develop Into Twins?
Twin zygote form in the earliest stages of development. While most pregnancies begin with a single zygote that develops into one baby, certain conditions can lead to the development of twins. Here’s how a zygote can develop into two separate individuals:
1. Identical (Monozygotic) Twins
Identical twins are twins that develop when a single zygote splits into two separate cells within the first week after fertilisation. This results in two genetically identical embryos, each carrying the exact same DNA, leading to twins who look remarkably alike and are of the same sex. Depending on when the split occurs, identical twins may share the same amniotic sac and placenta (3) (5).
2. Fraternal (Dizygotic) Twins
Fraternal twins occur when two separate eggs are fertilised by two different sperm cells. In this case, each zygote develops independently, creating twins who are genetically similar like typical siblings, rather than identical, and may be of different sexes. Since they develop from separate zygotes, fraternal twins have their own amniotic sac and placenta (4).
What Is the Difference Between Embryo and Zygote?
A chromosomally normal zygote contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, combining genetic material from both the sperm and egg at fertilisation to form a single cell. Once formed, this single cell initiates a process of rapid division—first becoming two cells, then four, then eight, and so on.
As the cell division continues, the zygote develops into a morula, a compact cluster of cells that moves along the fallopian tube toward the uterus. By around day five, the morula transitions into a blastocyst, a structure with a fluid-filled cavity that contains cells to form the placenta and the future baby (14).
When the blastocyst reaches the uterus, it implants into the uterine lining, marking the start of pregnancy. At this stage, it will transform from zygote to embryo, and it will continue developing in the embryonic phase until the eighth week of gestation, after which it progresses to the fetal stage (2).
FAQs
1. Can a zygote be genetically altered?
Yes, in some cases, a zygote can be genetically altered through techniques such as gene editing. This is a subject of ongoing research and is being studied for medical applications, such as preventing genetic diseases or enhancing certain traits (6).
2. How is the sex of the baby determined?
The sex of the baby is determined at the moment of fertilisation. The egg only gives an X chromosome, whereas the sperm contributes an X or Y chromosome. If the sperm carries an X chromosome, the zygote will be female (XX). If the sperm carries a Y chromosome, the zygote will be male (XY) (7).
References/Resources:
1. zygote; Encyclopedia Britannica; https://www.britannica.com/science/zygote
2. Oliver. R, Basit. H; Embryology, Fertilization; National Library of Medicine; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542186/
3. Pregnant with twins; NHS; https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/finding-out/pregnant-with-twins/
4. FRATERNAL TWINS; National Human Genome Research Institute; https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Fraternal-Twins
5. IDENTICAL TWINS; National Human Genome Research Institute; https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/identical-twins#
6. What is genome editing?; National Human Genome Research Institute; https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/policy-issues/what-is-Genome-Editing
7. Week 2; Nemours KidsHealth; https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/week2.html
8. Intrauterine Insemination (IUI); UCSF Health; https://www.ucsfhealth.org/treatments/intrauterine-insemination
9. IVF; NHS; https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/
10. CRYOPRESERVATION (EMBRYO, EGG AND SPERM FREEZING); University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire; https://www.uhcw.nhs.uk/ivf/treatments/cryopreservation/
11. CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES; National Library of Medicine; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK115545/
12. Ectopic pregnancy; NHS; https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ectopic-pregnancy/
13. Khan. Y. S, Ackerman. K. M; Embryology, Week 1; National Library of Medicine; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554562/
14. First Week (Days 1-7); University of Michigan Medical School; https://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/03firstweek.htm
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Female Genital Tuberculosis
Diaphragm Contraceptive – A Birth Control Method
Low Dose Birth Control – What It is, Pros & Cons
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Bloating During Ovulation – Causes, Signs, and How to Manage
Ever feel a little swollen or uncomfortable right around the middle of your cycle and wonder why? Bloating during ovulation is more common than people realise, and it can show up even when you are eating well and feeling healthy. Hormone changes during this time can affect how your body holds water and how your stomach feels, leading to that familiar tight or full sensation. It is normal, but it can still be frustrating. Read the article to understand what causes ovulation bloating and how you can manage it.
What Is Bloating?
Bloating is that uncomfortable feeling when your stomach feels full, tight, or swollen, sometimes even looking larger than usual. It can happen because of gas, fluid buildup, slow digestion, or hormone changes, and it often comes with pressure or mild pain (1) (2). Bloating is common and usually temporary, but it can still affect how you feel and move through your day.
Does Ovulation Cause Bloating?
Ovulation can cause bloating (3). During this time in your cycle, hormone levels change quickly. Levels of progesterone decreases, while estrogen begins to increase, and these changes can lead to temporary fluid retention (1). As a result, your stomach may feel full, tight, or slightly swollen for a day or two.
Is It Normal to Bloat During Ovulation?
Bloating during ovulation is a common body response and not a sign that something is wrong. As your hormones rise and fall, your body may hold on to more fluid, or your digestion may slow down slightly (4). This can make your stomach feel heavier or more stretched than usual for a short time. For most people, the discomfort fades on its own once ovulation passes.
Causes of Bloating While Ovulating
Bloating during ovulation usually comes down to a few simple body changes. Hormone levels rise at this time (5), which can cause your body to hold on to extra fluid and make your stomach feel swollen. Digestion may also slow slightly, leading to gas or a heavy feeling after meals. Some people are more sensitive to these shifts, so the bloating feels more noticeable.
Signs of Bloated While Ovulating
Here are some common signs of bloating that can happen while you are ovulating (2).
A tight, stretched, or swollen feeling in the lower belly.
Clothes or waistbands feel snug even without weight gain.
A sense of fullness, even after eating small meals.
Mild stomach pressure or discomfort.
Increased gas or slower digestion.
Difference Between Ovulation Bloating and Premenustral Bloating
Ovulation bloating and premenstrual bloating can feel similar, but they usually show up at different times and for different reasons. Ovulation bloating happens around the middle of the cycle and is often mild and short-lived, while premenstrual bloating appears closer to your period and tends to feel heavier or last longer (6).
How to Cope Up With Bloating During Ovulation?
Bloating during ovulation can feel uncomfortable, but the good news is that it’s usually mild and short-lived. Simple lifestyle and diet changes can help ease the discomfort and make you feel more at ease during this phase of your cycle. Here are some easy ways to cope with extreme bloat during ovulation (1).
1. Stay Hydrated
Drinking enough water helps reduce fluid retention and supports smoother digestion, which can ease that heavy, bloated feeling (7).
2. Choose Light, Balanced Meals
Eating smaller, well-balanced meals can prevent digestive discomfort. Focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins while avoiding overly salty or processed foods (2).
3. Exercise
Light physical activity, such as walking, yoga, or stretching, can improve digestion and reduce the feeling of fullness. Even a short daily movement routine can make a difference (6).
4. Limit Gas-Causing Foods
Foods like beans, carbonated drinks, fried foods, and dairy (for those sensitive to it) can worsen bloating. Reducing these around ovulation may help keep your stomach feeling lighter.
5. Get Enough Rest
Proper sleep helps regulate hormones and supports digestion, which can reduce bloating during this phase of your cycle (4).
When to Call the Doctor?
While bloating during ovulation is usually harmless, you should consider seeing a doctor if you notice any unusual or severe symptoms (1) (2):
Sudden, severe, or persistent abdominal pain.
Bloating that lasts longer than your usual cycle pattern.
Unexplained weight gain or swelling in other parts of the body.
Nausea, vomiting, or changes in bowel movements alongside bloating.
Fever or signs of infection.
Bloating accompanied by irregular periods or other unusual reproductive symptoms.
FAQs
1. Can ovulation bloating be painful?
Ovulation bloating is usually mild, but in some cases, it may feel uncomfortable or cause slight abdominal pressure. If you experience extreme bloating and cramping during ovulation, it’s best to consult a doctor.
2. Does ovulation bloating happen every cycle?
Some people experience bloating every cycle, while others notice it only occasionally. Hormone levels, diet, stress, and lifestyle habits can all affect whether bloating occurs.
3. Is ovulation bloating linked to ovulation pain (mittelschmerz)?
Sometimes, yes. Bloating and ovulation pain can occur together because both are influenced by hormonal shifts and temporary changes in the ovaries and surrounding tissues (8).
Bloating and ovulation often go hand in hand for many people during their cycle, and that’s completely okay. By paying attention to your body, you can turn these temporary annoyances into opportunities to care for yourself.
Also Read:
Can You Ovulate More Than Once a Month?
Bleeding During Ovulation – Are You Pregnant?
Is it Possible to Get Pregnant Without Ovulation?
How to Check Your Cervical Mucus and Detect Ovulation?
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Can You Get Pregnant From Precum: Know the Fact!
Contrary to mainstream belief, precum can cause pregnancy. The fact that precum does not contain any sperm but can cause pregnancy may sound dubious to many, but the chances of getting pregnant from precum exist, even if they are extremely low. Precum is something an individual cannot control; it is an involuntary fluid release that happens before an orgasm or ejaculation. Even if you try the withdrawal method right before ejaculation, it does not work as efficiently as other birth control options do.
So, can you get pregnant by precum? If they do, then what are the statistics? Join us as we uncover the truth and facts of one of the most misunderstood topics related to sex and pregnancy. We’ll also discuss several factors involved in unintended pregnancy, from whether you are using oral or physical contraceptives like condoms or birth control pills to the timing of ovulation. Stay tuned for some of the most mind-blowing reveals related to precum and pregnancy.
What Is a Precum?
Precum, or in medical terms, pre-ejaculate fluid, is a bodily fluid that is released involuntarily from the penis when they are sexually aroused during intercourse. It is released by two pea-sized glands, called bulbourethral glands, that are located between the prostate and the penis’ base. The main job of precum is to lubricate the way for semen to enter the vagina and protect it from the acidic environment of the urethra and vagina. The precum contains mucus and enzymes but no sperm.
While some men do not release any precum, some produce as much as 5 ml. Since the precum and sperm exit from the same route, any fluid releasing from the penis before ejaculation could be contaminated with sperm and should be regarded as potentially fertile (1). According to the American Pregnancy Association, most men, in fact, don’t even realise discharging precum during intercourse as they have no control over it (2).
These glands secrete an alkaline fluid containing numerous enzymes and mucus but no sperm. Despite this lack of sperm, current advice is that any fluid emanating from the penis prior to ejaculation could be contaminated with sperm and therefore should be regarded as potentially fertile and capable of resulting in an unwanted pregnancy
Is It Possible to Get Pregnant by Precum?
If you’re wondering “can pre ejaculate get u pregnant,” keep reading. First of all, we have to understand that precum originally does not contain semen, and even if it does, the sperm is usually dead or immobile. So, although it does not contain sperm, it is possible for precum to come in contact with the sperm while on its way out.
Confused about how? Let us explain.
After ejaculation, sperm can exit from the reproductive system and linger in the urethra. When, after the deposit of sperm, the precum exits through the same channel of the urethra, semen gets mixed with the precum and exits along with it.
The American Pregnancy Association says that pregnancy is highly unlikely with precum, but getting pregnant from pre-ejaculation is possible (2). A 2016 study revealed that about 17% of participants had mobile sperm in their pre-cum (3). It only takes one viable sperm to get past the cervix and fertilise an egg. With it mixed in the precum, pregnancy is possible.
For those who try the withdrawal method of pulling out before ejaculating during intercourse, it is still likely for precum to enter the vagina of your partner, which could cause unintended pregnancy. In fact, it is estimated in a 2020 study that around 20% of women who use the withdrawal method during sex will get pregnant in a year (4).
Peeing before indulging in sexual intercourse may help leftover semen to flush out that could have gotten missed with the precum.
What Are the Chances of Pregnancy From Precum?
The chances of pregnancy vary from person to person, their health status, and each sexual encounter. The current data on the withdrawal method tells that even if your partner does the pull-out method perfectly, the chances of pregnancy are relatively low, about 4 per cent. It is to be noted that precum or pre-ejaculation is still ejaculate and most likely contains sperm, so the likelihood of getting pregnant with precum is there.
Charted below are the precum and pregnancy odds in different scenarios:
Scenario
Likelihood
During the fertile window
The fertile window occurs around the mid-cycle, a few days before and during ovulation. The chances of getting pregnant around the 6 days of your fertile period are likely high.
During menstruation
The chances of getting pregnant during the menstrual period are unlikely. However, you may become pregnant right after if the cycle is short and you ovulate early.
While using a barrier method like a condom
External condoms have an efficacy of about 82% at preventing pregnancy, while internal condoms do so with 79% (5). A diaphragm or cervical cap provides approximately 71-88% efficacy when used in conjunction with spermicide (6).
With an IUD
An IUD effectively reduces the chances of pregnancy to about 1%.
With a birth control pill
If taken correctly with an order, birth control pills are about 99% effective, and with typical use, they are only 91% effective.
After a vasectomy
The likelihood of getting pregnant after a vasectomy is about 1 in 2000 (7). After the surgery, experts suggest using a form of birth control until they perform a semen analysis, which is taken about 8-16 weeks after the vasectomy procedure.
Can You Get Pregnant From Precum While You Are Not Ovulating?
Are there any possibility of getting pregnant with precum when not ovulating? Yes, you can get pregnant from precum even when you are not ovulating. How? Let us explain.
A sperm can stay active and alive inside the body for as long as five days. So, if a sperm goes inside your reproductive tract with the precum before you ovulate, it may still be there when you ovulate.
Ovulation starts around the middle of the menstrual cycle, anywhere from 7-14 days before the start of the next period. Now, as a sperm can live inside the female body for as long as five days, and you happen to have a penis-in-vagina sex regularly for 5 days before as well as on the day you ovulate, your chances of becoming parents get really high.
People with irregular menstrual cycles often have difficulty charting their ovulation and fertile days.
Best Ways to Avoid Getting Pregnant From Precum?
Now that we have established the answer to the question, ‘Can precum cause pregnancy?’, we need to find the most effective ways to avoid pregnancy due to precum. The best way to avoid getting pregnant from semen or precum is to use contraception or other birth control methods available. Since the pull-out method is not 100% effective, experts suggest exploring other forms of contraception for better protection. Here are some birth control options as suggested by the OASH (8):
Barrier Methods: Male condoms are made of latex and create a barrier between a man’s penis, sperm, and the vagina. Other barrier contraceptives include internal condoms, diaphragms (cervical cap) and sponges. A diaphragm is in a cup like shape which is placed inside the vagina before and covers the cervix. It blocks the sperm from entering the cervix (9).
Short-acting Hormonal Methods: Birth control pills, skin patches, shot, mini pills, and vaginal ring are considered under this category. Doctors prescribe birth control pills that are either progestin-only pills or combined with progestin and estrogen. These come in a 28-day pack, and you are required to remember to take one every day or month, at the same time.
Long-acting Reversible Contraceptives: Intra-uterine devices and hormonal implants offer long-lasting protection. Doctors insert these once, and you are free from using birth control every day or month. LARCs can last for three to ten years, depending on the type of use. An implant is a thin rod that is inserted under the skin of the upper arm. It releases progestin into the body for three years.
Injections: Progestin hormone injections are given by health experts either in the arm or buttocks every three months.
Male and Female Sterilisation: Male vasectomy and female tubal ligation or occlusion are surgical procedures that prevent pregnancy for the rest of life.
Natural Rhythm Methods: This method means tracking your monthly cycle to learn when you’re most likely to get pregnant. You avoid sex or use a condom on those fertile days. It works best for people with regular periods.
When to Consider Emergency Contraception?
If you prefer the traditional pull-out method without any other forms of birth control, you might worry about the chances of getting pregnant from precum. In such cases, you can use emergency contraception. The ‘morning after pill’ must be used soon after having unprotected sex, best if taken within 24 hours after the intercourse, for it to effectively prevent pregnancy (10). It will not work if you are already pregnant or if you wait to take it and start ovulating. If the sperm fertilises the egg before taking the emergency contraception, then it won’t be able to prevent pregnancy.
The emergency contraception mostly comes in the form of a pill called Plan B, which basically prevents the ovary from releasing the egg. It is safe and easily available over the counter. However, emergency contraception should be taken regularly as it contains high doses of hormones. A copper intrauterine device is the most effective emergency contraception that can be implanted to prevent pregnancy (11).
When Should You Take a Home Pregnancy Test?
Experts suggest waiting for the first day of your missed period to take a home pregnancy test (12). For more reliable results, you should wait until a week after your missed period to have a pregnancy test. Women with irregular periods should wait about 4 weeks to have a home pregnancy test.
False positives and false negatives are common if you don’t properly take the test, take the test too soon, or are on medications that could affect the results. Thus, you can apply for a blood test or a urine test at the clinic or hospital to confirm the pregnancy.
FAQs
1. Can precum be stopped?
Precum release is an involuntary action over which men don’t have any control. In fact, most men don’t even realise that they are discharging precum. Thus, it cannot be controlled but prevented.
2. Can you get pregnant from precum during your period?
The occurrence of pregnancy during your menstrual period is unlikely. This is because if you engage in unprotected intercourse during your period, you will usually have at least a week before your ovulation. On top of that, sperm typically for a maximum of 5 days. So, the chances of a sperm fertilising an egg will be low. Additionally, considering that precum usually lacks sperm, the likelihood decreases even further.
3. Can you get pregnant during your ovulation period?
Although the chances of getting pregnant during ovulation are low, it is possible. If you have started to ovulate and there is sperm in the precum, the chances of egg fertilisation are there. The best way to avoid pregnancy during ovulation is to use contraception during intercourse.
4. Can you get pregnant if you ‘pull out’ before orgasm?
Yes, the chances of getting pregnant by pulling out before you attain orgasm. This is because pre-ejaculation is involuntary, and most of the time, men don’t realise that they have pre-ejaculated (13). Since withdrawal takes a ton of self-control and timing, pulling out perfectly can be difficult in the heat of the moment. In some cases, even if the semen lands on the outside of vagina, sperm can still get inside the body and lead to pregnancy.
Although the likelihood of getting pregnant with precum is slim, it is there. Sperm present in the urethra can get mixed with the precum and lead to pregnancy. Thus, it is best to explore various forms of contraception and prevent unwanted pregnancy.
Also Read:
Can You Get Pregnant After Ovulation?
How Long Does It Take To Get Pregnant?
Is It Possible To Get Pregnant Without Periods?
Chances of Pregnancy Before, During and After Periods
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Female Genital Tuberculosis
Genital tuberculosis is a secondary type of infection that stems from primary tuberculosis. Tuberculosis occurs due to the presence of a specific bacterium in the lungs. When this spreads to the other organs like kidneys, pelvic areas, and finally, to the genitals – you get genital tuberculosis. This condition has been known to cause infertility and difficulty conceiving when fully developed. Female genital tuberculosis is a prevalent condition in developing countries.
What Is Genital Tuberculosis?
Female genital tuberculosis is caused by the agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Many patients of genital tuberculosis present with atypical symptoms, which are similar to some gynaecological conditions. The condition is known to cause menstrual irregularities, lower abdominal pain, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility. In vaginal tuberculosis, the bacterium mainly targets the fallopian tubes. TB spreads from the lungs to the pelvis and genital regions and shows low-grade symptoms. It’s a chronic medical condition that also affects the endometrial lining, ovary, and cervix and leads to infertility. What makes TB in the uterus challenging to treat is its increasing resistance to drugs. Genital TB isn’t detected directly but emerges when a woman undergoes medical diagnostic tests only to find out she’s become infertile.
How Does Genital TB Spread?
Genital tuberculosis primarily spreads from the lungs or other organs. This transmission typically occurs through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, and in some cases, it can directly spread from nearby organs such as the bowel or lymph nodes. It’s worth noting that there is a possibility of sexual transmission when a male partner has active genitourinary tuberculosis, and infected semen may play a role in this mode of transmission.
How fast tuberculosis of the female genital tract spreads depends on whether the bacterium remains active or latent. Latent TB cases could later become active and start spreading, which could happen in any period of 10 to 20 years. Where active TB that becomes genital TB is concerned, it spreads if the victim comes in sexual contact with the infected person. Additionally, if you spend long enough time with the infected person and breathe in the cough they let out, the virus could enter your lungs and infect you. However, brief contact with an infected person with no talking or sharing of things will not make you the target.
Causes of Genital Tuberculosis
The main cause of genital tuberculosis is regular tuberculosis. This ends up spreading to the ovaries and uterus, which leads to scarring and damage to the fallopian tubes. When left untreated, it advances into later stages, and infertility becomes a reality, after which that cannot be reversed, making conception impossible.
Other causes of genital tuberculosis include having a low immunity coming into contact for a long period of time with infected persons, and breathing in the bacterium.
Early Symptoms of Genital TB
The early ovarian tuberculosis symptoms go undetected or unnoticed since they are difficult to pinpoint. However, watch out for these signs and do a thorough investigation if you’ve got a nagging suspicion:
Pain in the abdomen and pelvis
Pain or bleeding after intercourse
Primary infertility, tubal infertility, or being unable to conceive on your first try
Abnormal vaginal discharge or bleeding
Lack of periods
Irregular menstrual cycles
In males, genital TB symptoms include irritation, pain in the groin/testicles, pain while urinating, and inflammation
Systemic symptoms of genital TB include weight loss, fatigue, and low-grade fever
If any of your family or extended family members have a medical history of genital TB, get yourself medically evaluated to see if you’re infected for early treatment or prevention.
Diagnosis of Genital Tuberculosis
Your doctor may order the following diagnostic tests for evaluating and staging your genital tuberculosis:
Tuberculin Skin Exam – This method involves inserting antigens (TB protein) into your inner forearm. If your skin has already been exposed to TB, it will react by creating a reddish bump in 2 to 3 days. However, this skin exam doesn’t tell you how long you’ve had TB or if the type is latent or active. It simply detects its presence, and that’s it.
Hysteroscopy – This diagnosis method involves inserting a thin tube into your uterus to diagnose if you have any signs of abnormal bleeding in the uterine tube. Hysteroscopy is categorized into operative hysteroscopy and diagnostic hysteroscopy. The former is used to correct any abnormalities found during diagnosis, thus eliminating the requirement for consecutive surgeries. The conditions this procedure corrects are adhesions or bands of scar tissue (tubal scarring) forming in the uterus (which are known to cause infertility), polyp and fibroid growths, and removing some of the uterine linings to prevent abnormal bleeding. Hysteroscopy can also help you determine if you’ve had any defects or malformations in the uterus since birth.
Laparoscopy – This is the least invasive procedure out of the options listed above. A surgeon makes tiny incisions on your abdomen to peer into your organs and examine them. A camera scans the images and transmits them over the monitor. The procedure is used to find out and determine the cause of pelvic pain, and biopsy samples are also collected in the process.
Cystoscopy – This procedure is used to diagnose genital TB in males. A thin tube is inserted into the urethra to examine the insides of the bladder. Doctors order this exam if males experience urinary problems.
Ultrasound scans of the pelvic region – High-frequency sound waves are used to scan the insides of your organs, including the pelvic and genital regions. These do not cause pain and image your affected areas in real time. Although ultrasound scans are used to detect the movement and condition of the fetus in pregnancies, they are also used in the diagnosis of genital TB.
A lab analysis of your menstrual blood by collecting a sample
Complete blood count test
Chest radiographs
PCR Test for TB Uterus, which takes a few hours and involves reproducing RNA or DNA sections for analysis
Cervical smear tests and endometrial curettage diagnostics
Complications of Genital TB
Complications involved with genital TB include damage to the fallopian tubes, scarring, and structural deformities in the uterus and genital organs. These lead to infertility which means women became unable to conceive, despite treatment with anti-TB medicines. Other complications include tubal malfunctioning, ectopic pregnancies, poor health of the embryo and alterations in the endometrial markers which are a factor for proper embryonic implantation.
Treatment & Management of Genital TB
Genital tuberculosis is treated the same way as other types of tuberculosis. Anti-TB medicines are prescribed to the patient, which runs from six to eight months. The symptoms won’t appear like before once treatment starts because the antibiotics kill the bacterium present in the affected regions.
Patients get administered anti-TB medicines for up to 8 months, sometimes going up to a year, depending on the severity of the condition. After this treatment, whether or not the fallopian tubes get repaired influences the outcome of pregnancies. In some cases, surgery may be recommended to repair the tubes, while other resorts include Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injections (ICSI) and IVF procedures. Death is a fatal consequence of genital TB when left untreated.
How to Prevent Genital TB Infection?
You can prevent getting a genital TB infection by taking note of the following tips:
Avoid sexual intercourse with partners who have tuberculosis infections. Practice safe sex and hygiene, and always wear female condoms, plus use contraceptives just to be safe.
Keep your immunity strong by eating healthy and making sure you get plenty of fruits and vegetables in your meals. Avoid processed foods and eat clean, basically, because it influences the chances of catching infections indirectly when you’re exposed to the outdoor environment.
If you are in the early stages of genital TB or TB, don’t hesitate to get treated. Consult a doctor and start taking anti-TB medications before the condition progresses.
Start taking a BCG vaccine early on, preferably from the age of 14.
Genital Tuberculosis and Infertility
“Can genital TB affect fertility?” – Yes. Genital tuberculosis leads to infertility, and most women find out they have this condition later when they get medically evaluated to uncover details about their infertility. The best way to prevent getting infertile via genital TB is to get screened every year and stay away from sources of infection. Women should take the BCG vaccine since it’s mandatory for prevention, and it should start from a young age. For sexual partners who have any form of TB, they should get clinically treated and ask the doctor for advice on safe sex practices.
Can I Conceive After Genital TB Treatment?
Yes, you can. There have been cases recorded where severe genital TB conditions were treated all year round with anti-TB medicines. IVF rounds were administered, and embryos from the female patient were frozen for later use. The patient eventually went on to become pregnant and gave birth to a healthy baby with decent weight gain. However, whether you conceive or not after genital TB will depend on how your fallopian tubes and endometrial lining heal. In some cases, anti-TB medicines may not work well, and the doses or rounds have to be increased. Other factors like your lifestyle and nutritional diet also influence how you recover post-treatment. It is important to continue with annual follow-ups even if the chances of relapse are low.
Not all hope is lost when you are diagnosed with genital TB. You have to be patient and give your genital organs enough time to heal. Sometimes this may require anti-TB therapy for a few months to a year. If you become infertile and your condition doesn’t improve post-treatment, you’ll have to look into other medical options. We recommend going for a second medical opinion to evaluate how it goes. If you have a weak immune system, then your doctor might prescribe you a series of antibiotics before you undergo the listed diagnostic tests. You will also have to keep urine samples aside and should rest after the procedures.
References/Resources:
1. Sharma. J. B; Current Diagnosis and Management of Female Genital Tuberculosis; J Obstet Gynaecol India.; PubMed Central; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4666212/; December 2015
2. Female Genital Tuberculosis; Radiologic Clinics of North America; ScienceDirect; https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/female-genital-tuberculosis.
3. Sharma. J. B, Sharma. E, Sharma. S, Dharmendra. S; Female genital tuberculosis: Revisited; Indian Journal of Medical Research; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6469382/.; December 2018
4. Grace. G. A, Devaleenal. D. B, Natrajan. M; Genital tuberculosis in females; Indian Journal of Medical Research; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5663156/; April 2017
5. Yadav. S, Singh. P, Hemal. A, Kumar. R; Genital tuberculosis: current status of diagnosis and management; All India Institute of Medical Sciences; Translational Andrology and Urology; https://tau.amegroups.org/article/view/13854/14808; April 2017
6. Tjahyadi. D, Ropii. B, Tjandraprawira. K. D, et al.; Female Genital Tuberculosis: Clinical Presentation, Current Diagnosis, and Treatment; Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology; Hindawi; https://www.hindawi.com/journals/idog/2022/3548190/; November 2022
7. Kesharwani. H, Mohammad. S, Pathak. P, Tuberculosis in the Female Genital Tract; Cureus; https://www.cureus.com/articles/109199-tuberculosis-in-the-female-genital-tract#!/; September 2022
8. Tzelios. C, Neuhausser. W. M, Ryley. D, et al.; Female Genital Tuberculosis; Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Volume 9, Issue 11; Oxford Academic; https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article/9/11/ofac543/6768037; November 2022
9. Wang. Y, Shao. R, Chen. L, et al.; Emerging progress on diagnosis and treatment of female genital tuberculosis; Journal of International Medical Research; Sage Journals; https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/03000605211014999; May 2021
10. Djuwantono. T, Permadi. W, et al.; Female genital tuberculosis and infertility: serial cases report in Bandung, Indonesia and literature review; BMC Research Notes; https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13104-017-3057-z; December 2017
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Guide to Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
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Diaphragm Contraceptive – A Birth Control Method
A dependable means of contraception is something every couple should spend some time on identifying, as it helps them take control of when they want to have children, besides protecting both partners from sexually transmitted diseases. A diaphragm or female contraceptive device is fast becoming popular for its convenience, affordability and reliability. Read on for all you need to know about it.
What Is a Diaphragm?
A diaphragm is one of the methods of contraception used by women. It is a dome-shaped device made of silicone, latex or rubber, which you may insert into your vagina before having sex to prevent pregnancy. The diaphragm covers your cervix and blocks sperm from entering the cervix. A diaphragm should be used along with spermicidal jelly or cream, which is effective in killing the sperms that reach the rim of the diaphragm.
Is the Diaphragm Safe?
The diaphragm is an extremely safe form of female contraceptive. However, if you notice the following symptoms, you should get in touch with your doctor:
If you feel uncomfortable after using the diaphragm.
If you feel a burning sensation after you pee.
If you notice your vagina is itchy or sore to touch.
If you notice any bleeding after using a diaphragm.
If you notice any unusual discharge from your vagina.
Effectiveness of a Diaphragm
The diaphragm is an extremely safe form of female contraceptive. If the diaphragm is used correctly and regularly, it is effective in 94% of the cases. This means that there is a 6% chance of pregnancy, even if a diaphragm is used correctly. This happens because most people do not follow the directions properly or use it every time during sex. Therefore, it is important to use it correctly to make it more effective.
How to Make Diaphragm More Effective?
Place your diaphragm before you have sex.
Use your diaphragm every time you have sex.
Use spermicidal gel or cream with your diaphragm.
Place your diagram correctly to cover your cervix.
You may also use another method of contraception with it, such as a condom, or your partner may pull out before ejaculation.
Who Can Opt for a Diaphragm?
All women can opt for a diaphragm as an effective method of birth control. However, if you have medical conditions such as vaginal infection, UTI, unusually shaped cervix or other such conditions, you should refrain from using diaphragm. It is advised to seek your doctor’s advice before opting for any method of contraceptive.
How to Insert a Diaphragm?
You may insert a diaphragm in your vagina in many positions, such as standing, sitting, squatting or lying down position. Once you get into the position, you may follow these steps on how to use a diaphragm:
Clean your hands using water and soap.
Take some spermicidal gel or cream and rub it off the diaphragm.
Make use of one hand to open up your vagina and the other hand to fold the diaphragm in half, with the dome pointing downwards.
Push the diaphragm as far as you can into your vagina. You may aim towards the tailbone while pushing.
Make use of your finger to tuck the rim of the diaphragm behind your pelvic bone. The diaphragm should be covering your cervix, which feels like the tip of your nose.
You can put your diaphragm in two hours before having sex. It is advisable to reapply spermicidal gel if you are having sex later than two hours after inserting the diaphragm, as the spermicidal gel or cream loses its efficacy after two hours. If you have sex again before taking out the diaphragm, it is advised to reapply spermicidal gel or cream again. You should not leave your diaphragm inside your vagina for more than 24 hours.
How to Remove a Diaphragm?
It is recommended to keep the diaphragm in place for almost 6 hours after sex. However, a diaphragm should not be kept in the vagina for more than 24 hours. Taking out or removing a diaphragm is comparatively easier, here’s what you need to do:
Insert a finger into your vagina and hook over the top of the rim. This would break the suction.
You may gently pull out down your diaphragm.
How to Take Care of the Diaphragm?
Here’s what you should do to take care of your diaphragm:
You should wash it with mild soap and warm water after every use.
You should let it dry.
You should refrain from using any powder on your diaphragm as it may lead to infections.
You should not use oil-based products such as Vaseline or other creams, as they may damage your diaphragm.
You should store it in a clean place, away from direct sunlight and heat.
You should check for any holes, cracks or wrinkles.
Where Can You Get a Diaphragm, and How Much Does It Cost?
You may get a diaphragm at any drugstore, pharmacy or health centre. You will need a prescription from your doctor or nurse to buy a diaphragm, as it does not come in one size that fits all. The doctor or the nurse has to do a pelvic examination to check the size of your diaphragm. On average, a diaphragm may cost about Rs. 50. It will need to be used with a spermicide cream which may cost around Rs. 500.
Advantages of Diaphragm
Using a diaphragm has many advantages. Some of the advantages include:
You can insert it hours before intercourse.
You can control this method of contraception without your partner’s support.
You can easily use the same diaphragm for up to two or more years.
You need to use it only when you want to have sex.
It has fewer side effects as they do not contain hormones.
It does not hamper your menstrual cycle.
Disadvantages of Diaphragm
There are some risk factors or disadvantages associated with diaphragm usage, such as:
Using spermicidal gels can be a messy affair and may cause irritation.
It needs to be used every time you have sex, and you need to use it correctly.
It can trigger allergic reactions because of rubber or spermicidal gel.
It may irritate the bladder and can cause infection.
It is difficult to use for women who are not comfortable with touching their vagina.
The size of your diaphragm may keep changing due to changes in your body (childbirth, weight gain, etc.).
Do All Diaphragms Come in the Same Size?
No, all diaphragms do not come in the same size. Your doctor will help you know the size of your diaphragm after conducting a pelvic examination. Your doctor may use various fitting rings or diaphragms to establish the correct size for you. You may also be told about the correct technique of using the diaphragm.
Does a Diaphragm Protect Against STDs?
A diaphragm provides effective protection from pregnancy and some toxins, such as nicotine, that may be found in your partner’s sperms by covering the cervix. However, diaphragms are not effective in protecting against STDs or STIs, including HIV, as the mucus membrane of the vagina is fully exposed to the infections during sex. It is recommended to use a condom along with a diaphragm to get maximum protection against STDs.
Can You Use a Diaphragm While Breastfeeding?
Yes, you may use a diaphragm while breastfeeding your baby. Unlike contraceptive pills, it does not rely on hormones and thus does not affect your breast milk production. It is a great choice for contraception for breastfeeding mothers.
How Soon After Childbirth You Can Use Diaphragm?
You may use a diaphragm as early as six weeks after giving birth if your vaginal muscles are strong enough to hold the diaphragm. To check the strength of your vaginal muscles, you may seek advice or help from your doctor. If your vaginal muscles are still weak, you may have to wait longer to use diaphragm.
You may have to get a new diaphragm for yourself after childbirth, as there may be a change in size. In the meantime, you may use other methods of contraception.
What Do You Do If the Diaphragm Is Disloged During Sex?
If, during intercourse, your diaphragm becomes dislodged, then there is a substantial risk of pregnancy. You may insert more spermicidal cream or jelly inside your vagina immediately after sex. However, this may not be the sure-shot way of preventing pregnancy. The most effective way of preventing pregnancy in this case will be using an emergency contraceptive. It is recommended to use it as soon as possible. It is best to seek assistance from your doctor if you have concerns regarding pregnancy.
How to Know When You Need a New Diaphragm?
A diaphragm can be used for up to two years if it is in a good state. It is important that you check it regularly for any signs of deterioration. If you notice any cracks, holes or wrinkles on it, it is advised to change it. You should carry your diaphragm with you for your annual medical checkups.
It is recommended to get your diaphragm checked if you have gained weight or undergone pelvic surgery, abortion or childbirth, as these may result in a change in the size or shape of your cervix.
Can You Use Diaphragm During Periods?
No, it is not recommended to use a diaphragm during your periods or if you are experiencing any vaginal bleeding. This is because the usage of a diaphragm during your periods may increase your chances of having toxic shock syndrome, which is a fatal medical condition.
Can You Use Diaphragm If You Are Using Vaginal Medicines?
If you are using vaginal medicines, then you should refrain from using rubber diaphragms. Vaginal creams and ointments usually contain oil-based ingredients, and these ingredients may damage the diaphragm made of rubber or latex. However, you may use a diaphragm made of silicon, or you may use other methods of contraception.
Who Should Avoid Using Diaphragm?
A diaphragm birth control can be used by most women; however, it may not be suitable for you, or you should avoid using a diaphragm under the following circumstances:
If your vaginal muscles are weak, are cannot hold the female diaphragm in its proper place (mostly because of childbirth)
If you have had recurrent bouts of urinary tract infection or UTI.
If your cervix has an unusual shape or you find it difficult to place the diaphragm.
If you have a vaginal infection
If you are allergic to silicon or spermicidal cream or gel
If you have had toxic shock syndrome
If you find it uncomfortable and tedious
If you have had an abortion (in the last 6 weeks)
If you or your partner has HIV or AIDS
A diaphragm is a barrier method of birth control. Though there are no major side effects associated with its usage, if left in the body for more than 24 hours, it may lead to toxic shock syndrome. If you register any pain, discomfort or bleeding after using a diaphragm, it is recommended to seek immediate medical help.
References/Resources:
1. Contraceptive diaphragm or cap; NHS; https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/contraceptive-diaphragm-or-cap/
2. Diaphragm; Planned Parenthood; https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/diaphragm
3. Contraceptive Diaphragm; Family Planning Australia; https://www.fpnsw.org.au/factsheets/individuals/contraception/contraceptive-diaphragm
4. Vaginal Diaphragm; Cleveland Clinic; https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/23427-vaginal-diaphragm
5. Diaphragm (contraceptive device); Health Direct; https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/diaphragm-contraceptive-device
6. Diaphragm; NHS Inform; https://www.nhsinform.scot/healthy-living/contraception/diaphragm
7. Birth Control: How to Use Your Diaphragm; American Academy of Family Physicians; https://familydoctor.org/birth-control-how-to-use-your-diaphragm/
8. Contraception – diaphragms; Better Health; https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/contraception-diaphragms
9. Barrier Methods of Birth Control: Spermicide, Condom, Sponge, Diaphragm, and Cervical Cap; ACOG; https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/barrier-methods-of-birth-control-spermicide-condom-sponge-diaphragm-and-cervical-cap
10. Allen. R. E; Diaphragm Fitting; American Family Physician.; https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/0101/p97.html; January 2004
11. Diaphragm; Contraception Choices; https://www.contraceptionchoices.org/contraceptive-method/diaphragm
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Oral Contraceptive Pills
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Non-hormonal Birth Control – Pros and Cons
Hormonal birth control pills have been popular for a long time because of their consistency and simplicity of use. However, the hormonal pills can sometimes worsen acne or exacerbate other conditions such as migraines, high blood pressure, and blood-clotting disorders. They can also interfere with menstrual periods and induce mood swings. Many women opt for hormone-free birth control as they are highly reliable and have fewer side effects. If you wish to learn how these methods work, continue reading the article.
What Is Non-hormonal Birth Control?
In the simplest terms, non-hormonal birth control is a method that does not interfere with women’s hormones to act as a contraceptive. Hormonal contraceptive pills work by releasing small amounts of estrogen and progestin into the body to stop pregnancy. They perform this action in many ways, such as preventing ovulation or making the cervical mucus thicker to prevent sperm from entering or affecting the uterine lining and making it difficult for the fertilized egg to implant.
Non-hormonal birth control doesn’t use any hormones that directly stop pregnancy; instead, it uses various methods to physically prevent the sperm from reaching the egg, preventing fertilization. The methods involve using physical barriers such as condoms, a cervical cap, diaphragm, or sponge that stops sperm from entering the uterus, and spermicides comprising a chemical formula that kills the sperm. Other methods involve using Intra-Uterine Devices and other natural family planning methods that work with the body’s natural rhythm to prevent conception.
How to Find the Right Birth Control for You?
Choosing the right birth control methods depends on several factors you need to go over with your partner. While hormonal pills are your choice, the other methods involve the role of your partner. Here is how you can go about choosing the best non-hormonal birth control for you:
Affordability and the cost of the birth control method – some are cheaper than others
Effectiveness of the birth control method – not all are equally effective or last long
Requirement of a prescription vs. over-the-counter contraceptive
Level of protection offered against sexually transmitted diseases
Effectiveness when used perfectly vs. when used typically
Side effects of the method
Ease of use of the method and agreeability between the two partners
Involvement of a medical professional or procedure in the method implementation
Pros of Non-hormonal Birth Control Methods
Here are some of the advantages of non-hormonal birth control:
Most of them can be used instantly or occasionally when birth control is necessary
For women who are breastfeeding or have medical conditions, birth control without hormones is better as it does not interfere with the body’s natural hormones
Many of these methods are inexpensive and available over-the-counter
Some can be bought without a prescription and even taken on vacations
They do not disturb the natural reproductive cycles of women
Little to almost no side effects as compared to the hormonal method
Cons of Non-hormonal Birth Control Methods
These are some of the downsides of non-hormonal birth control methods:
Except for the copper IUD, all the other methods require careful implementation to be consistently effective. When misused, they have a higher rate of failure.
Some of these methods cannot be used when women are on their periods
Some women may not like some methods involving placing devices in the vaginal cavity
Using diaphragms and condoms interfere with sexual spontaneity making it to be disliked by some
Contraceptives, such as IUDs, are best only when placed by medical professionals
Different Types of Non-hormonal Birth Control Options
There are several birth control options available to all, such as:
1. Condoms
Using condoms is the most popular type of birth control method used worldwide. When used correctly, condoms are about 82 percent effective in preventing pregnancies. Along with acting as a barrier to the passage of sperm, condoms also protect against sexually transmitted diseases and infections. What makes them popular is that they are cheap and given out for free in many state hospitals.
Condoms are available for both men and women. They work by blocking the physical entry of semen into the vaginal tract. The male condom needs to be rolled over the penis just before intercourse. Female condoms fit inside the vagina and form a barrier to stop the sperm from entering the uterus. Condoms are made out of different materials and come in various colors, textures, and flavors. Female condoms tend to be slightly more expensive than their male counterpart and are less popular.
2. Spermicides
Spermicides, as the name indicates, are chemicals that are meant to kill sperm cells. They are available in foam, gel, or cream forms and are often used along with other barrier methods to gain higher effectiveness from both methods. When used as the only preventive method, spermicides have an effectiveness of 70 to 80 percent. They are lightly inserted into the vagina before sexual intercourse or smeared onto the barrier before placing it in. Some companies manufacture spermicidal condoms, which guarantee double effectiveness of spermicides and condoms.
Spermicides generally do not have any side effects. However, in rare cases, people might experience some irritation on the skin. Most spermicide brands contain nonoxynol-9, a compound that might make the skin around the genitals more susceptible to HIV infections. People with any such concerns must immediately visit their doctor or the local clinic for advice.
3. Sponge
A sponge contraceptive is a plastic foam that has to be inserted into the vagina to act as a barrier for the sperm and stop it from entering the cervix. These devices are only meant as single-use and should be used along with a spermicide for maximum effectiveness. Sponges can be inserted into the vagina just before or even 24 hours prior to the intercourse. However, you must remove them within 6 hours of your sexual intercourse.
Some women may find using a sponge uncomfortable and should restrict their use if they have allergies to substances such as spermicides, polyurethane, or sulfa drugs. As contraceptives, sponges are about 60 to 80 percent effective.
4. Diaphragm
Diaphragms are small flexible silicone cups inserted into the vagina to cover up the cervix physically. They are most effective when combined with a spermicide as they tend to kill the sperm that make it around the device. The accuracy of diaphragms varies from 88 to 94 percent when used correctly. However, most of the time, this type of contraceptive fails because of improper use by women.
Before inserting the diaphragm, you must apply the spermicide over it and on the sides for maximum effectiveness. It is ideal to consult a gynecologist before using a diaphragm. When in the proper place, the device is unlikely to be felt by either of the partners. It is effective immediately, and one reusable device will last for about two years.
The downside of using diaphragms is that they need to be removed during menstrual periods and do not protect against sexually transmitted diseases or infections.
5. Copper IUD
Intrauterine devices (IUD) are long-term birth control options that women can look into to ensure a high success rate. IUDs are reversible immediately and are available as both hormonal and non-hormonal types. A popular non-hormonal type is the copper IUD or coil wrapped around a T-shaped plastic and placed inside the uterus. The device creates a toxic environment for the sperm and kills them when entering the uterus and fallopian tubes. It also causes a mild inflammation of the uterus, thus preventing implantation even if an egg gets fertilized.
The copper IUD needs to be inserted by a medical professional and can even work as an emergency contraceptive five days after unprotected sex. Once in place, it can even be used for as long as ten years, and you can return to normal fertility as soon as it is removed. With a success rate of more than 99%, it is the most effective non-hormonal birth control available to women.
6. Calendar Method
The calendar method is one of the oldest forms of birth control, which relies on the awareness of the fertile periods of women. Women who have regular menstrual cycles have highly predictable ovulation days. Therefore by tracking the first days of each period every month, it is possible to predict when ovulation is most likely to occur and abstain from unprotected sex during the days leading up to ovulation, called the fertility window.
The calendar method is only as good as the ability of the woman to predict her fertile days. It does not work in women who have very short menstrual cycles or in women who have irregular menstrual cycles. For increasing the method’s accuracy, other ovulation signs from Natural Family Planning methods, such as measuring the basal body temperature and examining the cervical mucus, can be used to narrow down the fertility window.
7. Cervical Cap
A cervical cap is a small and flexible silicone cup that is similar to a diaphragm but smaller. The device is designed to fit over the cervix and has to be inserted through the vagina by the woman. The cervical cap must be combined with spermicide for greater effectiveness and inserted over the cervix just before intercourse. The same cap can last for two years.
The cervical cap has to be removed during the menstrual periods. While it has a failure rate of about 14 percent in women who have never given birth vaginally, the failure rate is close to 29 percent in women who have given birth vaginally.
8. Vasectomy and Sterilization
Vasectomy and sterilization are highly invasive, effective, and potentially permanent non-hormonal birth control methods. The methods involve blocking the male and female reproductive tracts to prevent pregnancy. In a vasectomy, the vas deferens, which carry sperm, are tied or blocked, while in sterilization, the fallopian tube is blocked from accepting sperm. Since these procedures have a low success rate with reversal, you should not take them lightly.
Common Side Effects With Non-hormonal Birth Control Methods
The non-hormonal birth control methods also come with some side effects that you need to be aware of:
Commonly reported side effects include irritation, allergies, or rashes. These are more common in the barrier method because of the material these barriers are made out of.
Copper IUDs can have serious side effects, including uterine perforation, ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease, and the expulsion of the IUD.
Do Non-hormonal Birth Control Methods Have Any Effect on Periods?
No, since non-hormonal birth control methods do not interfere with the body’s natural hormones, they do not influence menstrual periods. These methods work by physically stopping the sperm or killing them before they can reach the egg.
Do Non-hormonal Birth Control Methods Cause Weight Gain?
No. Weight gain is an effect that is only seen with hormonal birth control methods. Non-hormonal birth control does not cause weight gain. Even if you experience weight gain while using them, it will have to do with other reasons, and you need to contact your doctor to know more about it.
Non-hormonal birth control methods use physical methods to block the sperm from reaching the egg, leading to fertilization. While some methods, such as using condoms, are fast and suited for the short term, some are long-term and highly effective such as the copper IUDs.
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Chances of Pregnancy on Birth Control
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Family Planning 101: 7 Things You Should Invest In
So, you and your partner are ready for the next big milestone of your lives. Congratulations! You’re nervous, excited, and if our guess is correct, then perhaps a little confused too. Planning for a baby can be a bit overwhelming and requires mental, physical, and financial readiness. But there are certain things you can do and invest in to feel prepared for this big step!
7 Essentials to Keep in Mind When Planning for Pregnancy
Here’s what you need to keep in mind when family planning!
1. Start by investing in your health.
Now would be an excellent time to take up swimming, walking or any other form of exercise. Get in shape ahead of time, achieve the healthiest weight required to get pregnant, and increase your chances of having a comfortable pregnancy and labour. Pick a workout that you enjoy and watch how you slowly start to feel energized and fit! If you struggle with consistency, join a class! When you spend money, you are less likely to hit the snooze on your alarm and more likely to get up, put those sweat pants, and get going! Ask your partner to join in if the company helps! Working out together will also give the two of you extra quality time together.
Love browsing through the grocery aisle for those healthy treats? This time buy them for real! You won’t find a better time (or opportunity) to buy them! Buy leafy greens, whole grains, nuts, and fruits, and spend some quality time on the internet to learn how to incorporate them in your diet in one or more ways so that you’re not bored after a week. Also, cut back on caffeine, packaged foods, and oily food items.
2. Consider your reproductive health too.
Visit an obstetrician or a gynaecologist to get a preconception check up done. Timely checkups can help your doctor rule out any potential complications. She may also suggest some tests for you and your spouse, and prescribe prenatal vitamins to you.
If you’ve been on birth control, you can check with your doctor about when and how to stop it. She will most likely suggest that you stop using birth control a couple of months before you start trying to get pregnant, especially if you were on contraceptive pills. You can time sex with your partner accordingly to increase your chances of conception.
3. Buy the right pregnancy kit.
When trying to conceive, a missed period might be a good enough indicator of pregnancy. And although it might still be too early to visit a gynaecologist, the waiting game can be anxiety-inducing. You can put your worries to rest by taking a urine pregnancy test in the comfort of your home. With Mamaxpert’s Rapid Pregnancy Detection Test Kit, you can get results in just 5 minutes! It’s a one-step HCG test that detects hCG, the pregnancy hormone, in a urine sample to provide the correct result. The results are 99% accurate and the process of taking the test, fairly simple. If you get a positive result, you can visit a gynaecologist to confirm the same.
4. Invest in sound financial advice.
Pregnancy and babies are an expensive affair. Whether you’re planning to have a baby or are already pregnant, it’s never too late to start saving. From diapers to baby skincare to vaccinations, you’ll be shelling out a lot without even realizing it once your baby comes. Pregnancy medication, monthly checkups, and ultrasound scans, also cost a lot, which is why you must consider financial planning in advance. If you’re finding it difficult to manage your finances, seek professional help. Check with an accountant who can help you set a budget for everything. You can also check with them about maternity health insurance and maternity benefits programs that would be right for you.
5. Buy skincare and relaxation products.
Stretch marks are a common pregnancy occurrence, and not all women are comfortable sporting the stripes. They may appear around the stomach, hips, or breasts due to weight gain and a growing belly. Loss of elasticity may also cause itching, redness, or irritation around these areas. The best way to reduce their appearance or prevent them is by investing in good stretch mark cream and moisturizing the area where they are likely to appear, right from the first trimester. Mamaxpert’s Stretch Mark Cream contains ingredients that reduce the appearance of stretch marks, improve skin elasticity, and keep the skin nourished and protected. Buying a good stretch mark cream like Mamaxpert’s stretch mark cream will help you keep your skin hydrated and the appearance of stretch marks to a minimum.
Weight gain can also put undue pressure on your legs and cause leg pain during pregnancy. To deal with it, you can use the Legs Relaxing Gel by Mamaxpert which hydrates the skin and improves blood circulation to the legs. You can also do pregnancy-safe exercises under the guidance of a trained professional to relieve leg and back pain.
6. Don’t forget about hygiene.
If we’ve learned anything from the pandemic, it is maintaining hygiene and how!
Maintaining good vaginal hygiene can lower your chances of infections ‘down there’ and increase your chances of conception. As you will be more prone to infections during pregnancy, you will need something that is mild and safe to use. Use a good intimate wash like Mamaxpert’s Intimate Wash. It is safe, gentle, provides relief from itchiness and reduces any unpleasant odours.
7. Invest in baby essentials.
Your baby will need tons of stuff in the first year of their life, and buying baby essentials all at once can make your budget fly out the window. So once you get the ‘good news’, set up an account for your baby, list down the things they will need, and buy them over the period of nine months of your pregnancy.
Planning for a baby can seem like an uphill climb, but with a proper plan in place, you can increase your chances of conceiving and having a healthy pregnancy. And trust us, investing in your health, incorporating lifestyle changes, and budgeting will be worth it, once you have your baby in your arms.
Also Read:
Calendar Method of Family Planning
Family Planning Tips for Women
Natural Family Planning (NFP) – Fertility Awareness Methods
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My Story of False Diagnosis of Missed Miscarriage (Absent Heartbeat)
I want to share the story of my pregnancy that was declared a missed miscarriage, but now I am the proud mother of a 9-month-old. Maybe my story will give people hope, if they suffer from the same.
During the 4th week of my pregnancy, I did a beta hCG. Being a doctor, I preferred a more accurate method than a home pregnancy test. Also my curiosity made us do a beta hcg. It was 186 – a confirmed pregnancy! As we had done IUI, I was pretty sure about my dates. I made a call to my gynaecologist, and scheduled an appointment for the 5th week.
We went for the check-up at the scheduled time. The doctor did a vaginal sonography. He could not find a gestational sac. So, he asked us to do a repeat hCG. It came to 1500. hCG is a marker of a healthy pregnancy. During a very early pregnancy, if it is getting doubled in 48 days, then the pregnancy is healthy.
We went for a checkup again after 3 days. Again, he performed a vaginal scan, and could not find a sac. He suspected a tubal pregnancy, and suggested surgery. My husband and I were not convinced, so we thought of doing sonograms with a radiologist.
We went to a radiologist the very next day, and by God’s grace, there was a sac. There was no implantation in the tubes. I was very happy. But, happiness does not last long. We had the next USG in 10 days, to check the viability of the pregnancy and to check the foetus heart beat. The day came, and we were very excited to see the tiny heart beating. But, we were shocked when the radiologist said that the baby did not have any cardiac activity (no heartbeat). I could not help crying.
We could not accept it. We went for a second opinion. That doctor asked for a hCG blood test again. She said if it’s increasing, then we can wait, but if not, we must do an abortion ASAP. The report gave us some hope, as the hCG level had increased. She prescribed me hCG 5000 injections once a week for 2 weeks, and to repeat use.
That was the longest 15 days of our life. I tried to be optimistic, but sometimes, I would burst into tears thinking that I might be carrying a dead foetus.
After a long wait, the day came. We went for a USG during the 8th week of pregnancy, with the least hope of a positive result. But, God had planned our happiness, which had no bar when the radiologist touched the probe on my abdomen, and there was a moving dot (heartbeat) on the screen. He said there was cardiac activity, and also it was a healthy pregnancy, though the dates were off by a week. That was not a thing to worry about for us at that moment, as we got what we never expected.
That tiny miracle is 9 months old now. If this happened with us, it could happen with you, too. So, please believe in your motherly instinct. Never lose hope till the end. The doctor too can be wrong. Always seek a 2nd opinion before aborting.
Disclaimer: The views, opinions and positions (including content in any form) expressed within this post are those of the author alone. The accuracy, completeness and validity of any statements made within this article are not guaranteed. We accept no liability for any errors, omissions or representations. The responsibility for intellectual property rights of this content rests with the author and any liability with regards to infringement of intellectual property rights remains with him/her.
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Low Dose Birth Control – What It is, Pros & Cons
Birth control pills have been one of the most preferred contraceptive options for women because of their efficacy and convenience. Though this method is considered safe for various reasons, there are still some health risks associated with it. But with the advent of newer low dose birth control pills, the risks associated with pills have become considerably low. Let us find more about these low-dose birth control pills, their pros, cons, and other important aspects.
What is Low Dose Birth Control?
Low dose birth control pills are a kind of birth control measure that contains lower amounts of hormones than other birth control pills. This means that these kinds of pills have fewer side-effects and are considered a better or safer bet than higher hormone birth control pills. Where some low-estrogen birth control pills contain progestin too, other low dose pills just contain low progestin in them. The effectiveness of low dose birth control or the success rate of both kinds of low dose birth control pills is approximately 99.7 per cent in keeping unwanted pregnancies at bay.
How Are They Different From Other Contraceptives?
Hormonal contraceptives have been fairly popular since their advent in the United States, which goes way back in 1960. Where conventional hormonal contraceptives contained considerably higher doses of estrogen and progesterone hormones, their newer counterparts contained fairly lower amounts of both these hormones in them. This not only made the low-dose birth control pills more popular amongst the present-day women but these pills also offered a more inexpensive, efficient, and safer contraceptive option in hand. Thus, now the present-day woman has a birth control method at her discretion which is not only beneficial for improving her quality of life and offering freedom of choice but also in keeping health complications such as hormonal imbalance at bay. Therefore, these pills offer a win-win situation to women in recent times.
Low-dose birth control is a safer bet, but these also come with their own set of side-effects or drawbacks. Therefore, it is important that all the health risks or side-effects should be weighed properly before choosing the right contraceptive method for you!
Types of Low Dose Birth Control
Usually, birth control pills contain two types of hormones, namely progestin and estrogen. And both these hormones help in regulating the menstrual cycle of a woman and preventing any unwanted pregnancy. The low-dose birth control pills come in the following two types:
1. The Combination Low-Dose Birth Control Pill
These pills come with approximately 10 to 35 mcg of estrogen. However, some pills (high-dose birth control pills) can contain up to 50 mcg of estrogen. These days doctors prescribe low-dose combination pills rather the prescribing high-dose ones because the former works just like the later and also has fewer side-effects.
2. The Progestin-Only Low-Dose Birth Control Pill
These pills unlike combination pills only contain progestin in them. It is important that these pills are taken at the same time every day so that they work just as well as combination pills. This pill is usually prescribed to women who are nearing menopause, breastfeeding, or have similar conditions.
Who Should Go for Low Estrogen Pills?
In most cases, your doctor will prescribe you a birth control pills that comes with 30 to 35 mcg estrogen. However, if you are under 100 pounds or you have been experiencing any kind of nausea or other side-effects by taking 30 -35 mcg birth control pill, then you can be prescribed a pill with lower estrogen and, thus, it can go down to 10 to 20 mcg of estrogen in it.
It will be in your best interest if you consult your health care provider before taking any kind of low dose estrogen pill. Your doctor will help you determine whether a low or ultra-low dose birth control pill is suitable for you!
What Are the Benefits of Low Dose Birth Control?
Here are some of the many benefits of using low dose combination birth control pill:
It may reduce the symptoms associated with PMS or premenstrual syndrome.
If your periods are irregular, taking these pills can make them regular.
You may experience lighter menstrual bleeding than usual.
You may get extra protection against PID or pelvic inflammatory disease.
Your menstrual pain or cramps may be less severe and painful than before.
You may be at a lower risk of developing any kind of ovarian cancer, ovarian cysts, or endometrial cancer.
Now lets us discuss some of the pros of taking low dose progestin-only pills:
You may experience less painful periods because of reduced cramping.
Your menstrual flow may become lighter (it can be an absolute saviour for women with excessive menstrual bleeding).
You can take these pills even when you are breastfeeding, as a low amount of estrogen proves to be a safer bet for breastfeeding mothers.
Taking these pills also means a lower or reduced risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, endometrial cancer, and other such complications.
What Are the Side Effects of Low Dose Birth Control?
Here are some drawbacks or side-effects of taking combination low dose birth control pills:
You can experience a headache.
You may suffer from nausea.
You may have occasional bouts of vomiting.
You may suffer from mental health conditions such as depression or anxiety.
You may experience changes in your body weight (you may either gain or lose weight).
You may experience breast soreness or tenderness.
It may increase your risk of a stroke.
It may increase your risk of having a heart attack.
It may increase blood clots.
It may reduce breast milk production in breastfeeding mothers.
You may experience spotting in between your menstrual cycles.
You may go through occasional mood swings.
You may experience decreased libido.
Here are some disadvantages of low-dose progestin pill:
It may cause ovarian cysts.
It may cause mental health issues such as depression.
It may cause pain or tenderness in your breasts.
It may lead to bloating.
It may cause headaches.
It may lead to spotting between your menstrual cycles.
If may lead to irregular periods.
Who Should Refrain From Consuming Low-Dose Birth Control Pills?
If you fall under any of the following categories, low dose birth control options may not be a good idea for you:
If you are a woman over 35 years of age and you also smoke.
If you are pregnant.
If you suffer from migraines with aura.
If you presently have or have had breast cancer.
If you have a family history of stroke, heart disease, or blood clots.
If you suffer from hypertension (even if you are taking medicine to keep it under control, you should refrain).
What Other Contraception Methods Other Than Pills Contain Low Dose Estrogen?
In the present times almost, all hormonal contraceptive options contain fairly low amounts of estrogen and, thus, they can be considered low dose contraceptives. Here are some other contraceptive methods that contain a low dose of estrogen:
1. The Patch
A birth control patch is a low dose estrogen birth control option and it delivers as low as 20 micrograms of estrogen into your body. The estrogen is released on daily basis for a period of a week or until the patch is changed. In comparison to a pill, your body can get higher doses of estrogen through a patch because estrogen is directly absorbed into the bloodstream. If you are someone at a higher risk of blood clots, this method of contraception should not be considered.
2. The Ring
Another low dose estrogen contraception is a ring that is inserted in the body for a month. The ring slowly releases approximately 15 micrograms of estrogen in the body. However, according to one of the studies published, it was observed that women who used such rings for a period of two or more years did not gain any bone density in comparison to women who didn’t use this ring. Therefore, if you are a woman under 30 years of age, using a ring may not be a good idea for you as it may affect the mineral density of your bones.
Low dose birth control pills are a great contraceptive option. If you can take a pill every day at the same time, you are a breastfeeding mother or fall under any such category, taking a progestin-only pill may work well for you. However, if you are not diligent about taking pills then a combination low-dose birth control pill may work for you. If you are thinking of starting a low-dose birth control option, you should get in touch with your health care practitioner and find out which kind of pill is ideal for you!
Also Read:
Does Birth Control Affects Your Future Fertility
Brown Discharge on Birth Control Pills
Side Effects of Birth Control Pills
Read more
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