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How to Increase Height in Kids?
Most parents would love for their children to be tall and strong, as it has been widely regarded as a sign of good health. Parents usually go to great lengths to ensure that their children grow up healthily, and their height is treated as an indication of their overall health condition by most parts of society.
Video: 10 Easy Ways to Increase Height In Children
Genes have the most say in determining the height of the child – however, it is not the only factor which influences it. Many external factors, like living conditions and a healthy diet, can influence the height of children quite a lot. Therefore, it is possible for parents to improve the chances of their children growing up to be tall and strong through simple methods. Many parents are searching the internet to find the answer to “how to increase height in kids.”
Worry not. We’ve got you covered on this topic and have mentioned some ways to help your child increase their height in growing years. Remember that each child is different and will develop in their own time. All you can do is support them with the help of the below-mentioned ways and make your child grow taller.
11 Easy Ways to Increase Height in Kids
There are many ways a parent can influence the height of their child, and here’s a list of the top 11 ways.
1. A Balanced Diet
The most important aspect of how to increase your kid’s height is to ensure that he gets proper nutrition. The food he consumes has to be healthy so that he grows up to be tall. A balanced diet has to include proteins, carbohydrates, fat and vitamins in the correct proportion – loading up on only one of these can have a detrimental effect. You must also ensure that the child keeps away from junk food most of the time – this includes food like burgers, aerated sweetened drinks and fried items in general. Lean proteins have to be had aplenty, along with leafy vegetables and items rich in minerals like calcium and potassium. Simple carbs like pizza and cakes have to be avoided for the most part. Zinc has been found to have a huge effect on the growth of the child, so zinc-rich foods like squash seeds and peanuts must also be added to their diet. A balanced diet not only provides the right nutrients to increase your child’s height but it will also make him stronger in every sense.
2. Stretching Exercises
Stretching exercises, even if they are simple ones, can have a huge impact on the height of your child. Introducing your child to stretching exercises from a young age will facilitate the process of height growth. Stretching helps elongate the spine and also improves the posture of your child at all times. The exercises can be simple ones. Make him stand on his toes with his back against the wall and stretch the muscles in his leg while reaching up simultaneously. Another simple exercise for stretching involves the child sitting on the floor with his legs wide apart, and reaching to touch the toes of both legs with his arms.
3. Hanging
Hanging has been recommended for decades now, for parents who want their children to be taller. Hanging from bars also helps the spine elongate, which is an important part of becoming taller. Apart from regular hanging, you can also encourage your child to do pull-ups and chin-ups. Both make the muscles of the arm and the back stronger and are great exercises to help him keep fit.
4. Yoga Poses
The age-old practice of yoga involves a lot of stretching and balance, so it is ideal for children to make them taller. Some yoga asanas are especially beneficial in helping your child grow tall. The ‘Surya Namaskar’ gets the entire body to work, stretching out the muscles of the arm, back, and even the legs in a single, fluid motion. Another beneficial asana is the Chakrasana, which involves your child lying on his back. Then, he has to make his back arch upwards and prop his body up using his arms and feet, to maintain a U-shape. Try keeping this shape for as long as possible, for it to be effective.
5. Skipping
There are few exercises like skipping which help work the entire body. Known for its awesome effects on the heart, it is also a great exercise to do if you want your child to become taller. The body stretches entirely when a person skips, so it promotes vertical growth in the child. It is also an amazing cardio workout, and will definitely keep him fit and active.
6. Swimming
Swimming is another healthy habit, one which helps your child stay active and enjoy it, too. Swimming is a full-body exercise, meaning that it works all the muscles in the body to great effect. Swimming for a long time can help your child lose any extra fat present, making him healthier as a whole. The exercise involves a lot of stretching forward, which strengthens the spine and lays the groundwork for a tall, healthy body. Swimming is also a highly enjoyable activity- no child has ever said no to playing in the water!
7. Jogging
Jogging is an amazing exercise, not just for children- it has a range of benefits for grown-ups too. Jogging strengthens the bones in the leg and also increases the quantity of HGH, the growth hormone, which is required for any growth in the body. To make it even more fun, you can maybe join in with your child and make jogging be an activity you do together!
8. Sleep
The importance of sleep can never be stressed upon enough, not just for children – for adults, too. Skipping sleep occasionally does not affect the growth of your child in the long term- however, you have to ensure that the child gets a good 8 hours of sleep on most nights, in order for him to be taller and stronger. This is because the growth hormone in children, HGH, is released only when the child sleeps. This plays a direct role in making your child taller, so skipping sleep constantly is definitely a bad idea.
9. Posture
To increase your child’s height, it is integral that he has a proper posture. Slumping or slouching can put unnecessary stress on the spine which can have many negative affects on the body. Additionally, poor posture can alter the shape of your child’s spine which can compromise his growth. Make sure that your child practices good posture not only to increase his height but also to prevent any long term health issues. Remind him to sit and stand up straight every time you see him slouching.
10. Sunlight
Sunlight is a great source of Vitamin D. Vitamin D helps in muscle and bone growth which will help in increasing your child’s height. Vitamin D also helps your body absorb calcium from your diet and helps in strengthening your bones. So encourage your child to leave his video games and step out in the sun and play. Remember to keep your child indoors during the warmest hours of the day and make him wear sun screen to protect his skin from harmful UV rays of the sun. Other sources of Vitamin D include, fatty fish and seafood, mushrooms, and egg yolks.
11. Cycling
While cycling, you have to put in a lot of effort to run the cycle fast and smoothly. One must paddle, which fortifies the bones of the legs and stretches the muscles of the legs. This movement of the legs initiates an increase in height. So, you must encourage your child to do systematic cycling for at least half an hour daily.
There are many ways to make your child grow taller, but all of them work only when complemented by the other activities on the list. A good diet must be accompanied by regular exercise and sound sleep- else, you do not get what you want. Therefore, take care of your child the right way, and make him grow tall and strong.
References/Resources:
1. Growth & Development: 6 to 12 Years (School Age); choc.org; https://www.choc.org/primary-care/ages-stages/6-to-12-years/
2. Syed Arif Kamal, Chaudhry Mohummed Shakir Manzoor, Shahid Ali Khan; Increasing Height through Diet, Exercise and Lifestyle Adjustment; Research Gate; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282012258_Increasing_Height_through_Diet_Exercise_and_Lifestyle_Adjustment
3. Predicting a Child’s Adult Height; healthychildren.org; https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/Glands-Growth-Disorders/Pages/Predicting-a-Childs-Adult-Height.aspx
4. How to increase height naturally; artofliving.org; https://www.artofliving.org/in-en/yoga/yoga-benefits/how-to-increase-height-naturally
5. Children’s health; mayoclinic.org; https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/basics/childrens-health/hlv-20049425
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Growth Spurts in Children
How to Lose Weight for Kids
Physical Development in Children
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Dengue Fever in Children – Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
More than 500 million people worldwide are affected by mosquito-borne diseases, which result in approximately 2.7 million deaths each year. Among the most dangerous and widespread illnesses transmitted by mosquitoes are malaria, Zika virus, chikungunya, yellow fever, and dengue fever. Dengue fever, in particular, is a major public health concern in tropical and subtropical regions. Fortunately, while dengue can be severe, it is often treatable with proper medical care and has a relatively low mortality rate when detected early. However, dengue fever in children tends to spike during peak transmission seasons, making it crucial for parents to recognize dengue symptoms in kids and seek prompt treatment. This article provides essential information to help you understand dengue fever, its symptoms, treatment, and prevention methods to keep your family safe.
What Is Dengue?
Dengue fever is carried by the female Aedes mosquito. This mosquito species can be identified by a striking striped pattern on its abdomen, giving them the name tiger mosquitoes. Usually found in warm, tropical and humid climates, these mosquitoes thrive in the presence of stagnant water (1). This makes dengue far more prevalent at the peak of the monsoons. Interestingly, the Aedes mosquito attacks during the day, unlike other disease-carrying mosquitoes. These mosquitoes usually bite in the early morning and the evening right before and after sunset, according to WHO (2).
It is important to note that the mosquito is simply a carrier, known as the disease vector. The cause of dengue in children as well as adults is not the mosquito itself but rather a viral pathogen known as the dengue virus. There are five strains of dengue viruses, any of which can cause the disease. However, dengue caused by one of the strains will grant total immunity to the disease caused by that particular strain but only partial resistance to the other viruses.
How Does It Spread?
The disease spreads when an infected mosquito bites an individual, transferring the dengue virus into the bloodstream. The virus then attaches itself to the white blood cells, slowly penetrating them as they are carried throughout the body. After replicating inside the white blood cells, they emerge and infect other organs such as the liver, bone marrow, skin, and so on. The disease usually passes in two to ten days as the body sets off an immune response that kills all the viruses. However, in around five per cent of all cases, a more dangerous version of dengue fever can arise, known as Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever. This case has far more complications and requires immediate treatment.
While dengue is not usually present in newborns, mothers with the disease are liable to pass the infection during labour. The virus can also be transmitted through blood transfusion and organ transplants but cannot spread from one person to another (3).
The prevalence of dengue is tricky to calculate, as most cases of the disease are unreported. According to WHO, around three million dengue people are infected with dengue every year, but the actual number might be more than 400 million.
How Long Does It Last?
Dengue fever in kids typically lasts 7 to 10 days, with symptoms like high fever, headache, body aches, and fatigue appearing 4–7 days after a mosquito bite. In mild cases, children recover within a week, but severe dengue (dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome) may prolong illness and require hospitalization.
Types of Dengue in Kids
Dengue in kids can classified into four categories, including:
1. Dengue Fever
This type is one of the most commonly observed types of dengue fever. The signs and symptoms are detailed in this article. Do not ignore the warning signs of dengue fever in a child.
2. Dengue Fever With Warning Signs
This type of dengue fever accompanies warning symptoms, including severe abdominal pain, bleeding, and persistent vomiting.
3. Dengue Shock Syndrome
This is one of the most dangerous type of dengue fever where the blood pressure drops critically low, leading the individual into shock (4).
4. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
If not given prompt treatment, this type of dengue fever can cause shock, bleeding, and even death. It usually occurs in children below 15 years (5).
Stages of Dengue Fever in Kids
Dengue fever progresses through distinct stages in children, each with varying symptoms and risks. Recognizing these phases helps parents provide timely care and prevent complications. Below are the three key stages of dengue fever in kids.
1. Febrile Phase (Days 1-3)
The illness begins with a sudden high fever (104°F or higher), accompanied by headaches, muscle pain, joint pain, and flushed skin. Some children may also experience nausea, vomiting, or a mild rash. Proper hydration and fever management are crucial during this stage.
2. Critical Phase (Days 4-7)
The fever may drop, but this is the most dangerous stage due to the risk of plasma leakage, leading to severe dengue (hemorrhagic fever or shock syndrome). Warning signs include severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, bleeding gums, rapid breathing, and fatigue. Immediate medical intervention is essential to prevent life-threatening complications.
3. Recovery Phase (Days 7-10+)
If managed properly, kids gradually recover as their platelet count rises and symptoms improve. Weakness, fatigue, and a lingering rash may persist, but energy levels slowly return to normal. Continued hydration and a nutritious diet support full recovery.
Causes of Dengue in Children
Dengue fever in children is caused by the dengue virus, which is transferred to humans when the infected Aedes mosquitoes bite human flesh. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the most common vectors known to spread the dengue virus (6).
Dengue Symptoms in Children
Dengue fever is usually asymptomatic in nearly eighty per cent of all cases, even babies and small children. However, the younger the child is, the more severe the symptoms are, which usually materialise around four days after the infection. Here is a list of dengue symptoms in babies that you should keep an eye out for (7):
1. Flu-Like Illness
In most cases, dengue fever in infants begins with the symptoms associated with viral influenzas, such as high-temperature fever, runny nose, cough, and fatigue.
2. Change in Behaviour
Your child might exhibit more agitation and irritability than usual, even without an apparent reason. He is also likely to cry often and throw tantrums. His appetite will drop, and his sleeping pattern will change drastically. This is because of the fever and flu-like symptoms that your child is experiencing.
3. Physical Discomfort
Affected children might experience muscle and joint aches, dull throbbing pain behind their eyes, back pain, splitting headaches, and so on. The pain feels like the bones are being broken. Dengue, therefore, is also known as “Breakbone Fever”.
4. Gastrointestinal Problems
Your child might complain of shooting pains in the abdomen along with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea, which can be mistaken for symptoms of gastroenteritis. Vomiting is an early sign that the child may develop complications; hence he needs to be closely monitored.
5. Skin Problems
A common symptom of dengue is an itchy skin rash that appears in patches. It has been described as a measles-like rash that resembles white islands in the sea of crimson. Another symptom to look out for is a constant itch that appears on the soles of the feet. However, the rash is transient and may disappear even before you see it.
6. Bleeding
Children experience bleeding from their gums or noses due to a drop in the platelet count. The virus slows down the clotting rate of blood, resulting in bleeding. At times, bleeding can also occur in the gastrointestinal tract. However, this happens in complicated cases only and is not experienced by everyone suffering from dengue.
As mentioned above, in rare cases, dengue can turn into far more dangerous conditions, such as Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome. The symptoms associated with these diseases are listed below.
Abrupt and excess blood loss due to tears in the blood vessels.
A rapid shock that occurs due to the bleeding.
A drastic fall in blood pressure.
Possible organ failure leading to coma.
If you have observed your child showing some or all of these symptoms, you must take him to a medical practitioner immediately. However, if you can’t consult a doctor, the next sub-head should help you out.
Things to Do If Your Child Shows Symptoms of Dengue
There are several things to keep in mind if you observe any of the symptoms given below. Here’s what you must do.
Put your child to bed, so that he doesn’t get exhausted, and gets the rest that he needs. He might need to be on bed rest for a certain period of time, depending on the severity of their symptoms.
Give him whatever he likes to eat. Give more liquids than usual and check his urine. Urine should be light and clear.
If your child is still being breastfed, make sure you do not skip his feeds. Breast milk is nutritious and provides enough fluids to the baby. For older kids, you’ll need to ensure they drink enough water. Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) is also recommended to help balance the electrolytes. If you aren’t sure about feeding your little one ORT, you may check with a paediatrician. Oral rehydration salts, which are available at most pharmacies, can be mixed in filtered/boiled water to make the solution. You may feed it to your child all through the day to hydrate him. Other natural ways to rehydrate include tender coconut water and citrus fruit juices. All liquids help in improving the condition.
In case the baby has a high fever, in addition to paracetamol, soak a cloth in cold water and place it on his head. This will help reduce his body temperature.
Avoid medicating your child with over-the-counter painkillers like ibuprofen or similar drugs that work to reduce swelling. This is because these medications can lower the platelet count further and can potentially lead to more blood loss.
When you do consult a medical practitioner, your baby will be checked thoroughly for signs to confirm dengue. Here’s how the diagnosis will be made.
Diagnosis of Dengue in Children
As mentioned earlier, if you think your child is exhibiting any of the signs or symptoms as described above, consult a paediatrician as soon as possible. This is especially important if your child shows signs of fatigue, fever, joint pain, and rash. The doctor will conduct a physical examination and blood tests to identify the symptoms. They might ask for your child’s medical history and details about their vaccinations. Further, the paediatrician will ask about the places you have visited with your child. This is because several regions in the country and the world are known to be hotbeds for dengue. If your child has travelled in these regions, the paediatrician will be able to evaluate the situation better. Post this, your baby’s blood sample will be sent to a diagnostic lab to test for the presence of the dengue virus (8).
If dengue is confirmed, the doctor will be able to begin a treatment protocol, which we shall talk about in the next section.
Treatment of Dengue Fever in Children
When it comes to dengue treatment in kids, currently, there is no medication for dengue fever; however, dengue has a very low mortality rate and tends to resolve in a few days to a month by giving symptomatic treatment (9) (10). Only in complicated cases is the mortality rate high. However, there are ways you can reduce the discomfort caused by dengue and speed up your baby’s recovery from the illness.
Make sure your child drinks enough water and fluids along with healthy meals. He must sleep well, too, as it is important for his recovery. So, try to keep him on a sleep schedule, and ensure he doesn’t get worn out. A healthy diet and rest will help strengthen his immune system and destroy the virus.
If the muscle and joint aches get unbearable, they can cause unnecessary distress to your child. Ask the paediatrician to prescribe analgesic medications like acetaminophen, which, unlike ibuprofen, do not bring about a drop in the blood platelet count.
If your child’s symptoms do not improve even after getting enough rest, the paediatrician needs to be notified. There is a chance that it could be Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever. In that case, your child might have to be admitted to a hospital for intravenous (IV) therapy to provide fluids and salts lost due to vomiting and diarrhoea.
The paediatrician may prescribe oxygen therapy, too, and continue monitoring your baby’s blood pressure frequently.
If the symptoms of dengue do not resolve even after hospital treatment, the paediatrician might recommend a series of blood transfusions, which will compensate for the blood lost during the disease.
While most children recover when they are diagnosed with dengue, there are some cases wherein the child may suffer from complications, mainly due to dengue hemorrhagic fever.
Complications Due to Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
Dengue, if not managed well in time, could lead to a severe condition called Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, which further could lead to health complications such as:
Blood clots
Seizures
Damage to the heart, liver, lungs and brain
Shock due to excess blood loss
Death
Clearly, dengue can create quite a havoc, especially when it affects a baby. But there are ways you could prevent your little one from contracting the disease. Read on to know more.
Ways to Prevent Dengue Fever
Prevention is better than cure in the case of dengue fever. There are several ways you can avoid getting your baby bitten by mosquitoes that could carry the dengue virus. Here are a few ways to protect both yourself and your family from this illness:
Mosquitoes prefer stagnant water so get rid of any still water lying around your house or locality. Join forces with your neighbours if necessary as this is a public hygiene matter. This will help avoid other mosquito-borne illnesses as well.
Remove any objects that could hold water, such as mugs, buckets, basins, pots, etc. This includes draining sinks and bathtubs. Ensure you remove all the water and wipe them dry.
For standing water that cannot be removed, such as drains, fountains and ponds, you can add small amounts of kerosene to the water to prevent mosquitoes from laying eggs in it. Kerosene is toxic for mosquitoes. It floats over water and prevents oxygen from entering the water, thus killing hatched larvae, if any, in the water.
Pest control professionals could fumigate your house and neighbourhood. Take care that you and your family are not around when this is being done, as the fumes could be harmful. For a natural alternative, burning coconut husks and shells or neem leaves has been known to drive mosquitoes away.
Have your child wear clothing that covers his body entirely for personal safety. This includes long-sleeved shirts, pants, socks and even gloves if the weather permits.
Ensure your family performs basic hygiene practices such as showering, as body odour is believed to attract mosquitoes.
Use mosquito nets while sleeping, even during the day. They are a safe alternative to mosquito sprays and vaporisers, which may affect your child’s breathing and even cause problems with the functioning of his nervous system.
Mosquito-repellent creams are a good choice if protective clothing and nets are unavailable. Ensure they are safe for children before applying them on exposed skin.
You can also install screen meshes on your window and door frames to keep the mosquitoes out. Buy good quality ones that are less likely to rip as mosquitoes can enter through the smallest openings. Remember to fix any tears in the mesh as soon as possible.
Reduce his outdoor time during the rainy season; instead, introduce him to fun indoor activities like board games, video games and so on. If he does go out to play, teach him to avoid areas with bushy foliage and stagnant water.
When to See a Doctor
Dengue can progress quickly in children, making early medical care crucial. Watch for these warning signs and seek immediate help if they appear.
High fever (104°F/40°C or above) lasting more than 24–48 hours
Severe stomach pain or persistent vomiting
Bleeding (nosebleeds, bleeding gums, or blood in vomit/stool)
Cold, clammy skin or extreme fatigue/irritability
Difficulty breathing or rapid pulse
Refusal to eat/drink or signs of dehydration (dry mouth, no tears, reduced urine)
Drowsiness, confusion, or seizures (indicates severe dengue)
FAQs
1. What is the most common way of diagnosing dengue in children?
The most common and typical way to detect the incidence of dengue in children is through blood tests, which look for either the virus or the antibodies produced in response to the virus.
2. How do you differentiate between dengue and similar other illnesses?
Dengue can be distinguished from other illnesses by specific symptoms such as severe headache, eye pain, and joint pain, especially if the person has been exposed to mosquito bites in areas where dengue is common.
3. Are dengue vaccines safe for children?
There are vaccines available for dengue. However, the availability and the jurisdiction vary with the country and the requirements of the healthcare providers. It is best to consult your doctor for personal guidance on the requirements of the dengue vaccine.
4. Can dengue in children be treated at home?
Home remedies can be undertaken to mitigate and soothe the effects of dengue in children. However, it is best to consult a doctor for proper and timely treatment.
5. Are rashes severe in dengue?
Dengue rashes in kids are one of the common symptoms that come with the infection and go away with the help of treatment.
Dengue is common in tropical zones where the climate allows mosquitoes to thrive. The epidemic is also more likely to spread in third-world countries where public sanitation is given little or no importance. Therefore, it is imperative that you take the required precautions to prevent your child from contracting the disease, especially due to the lack of a cure. Interestingly, there is a vaccine available for dengue fever in some Southeast Asian and Latin American countries, but it remains only partially effective. Research to develop a vaccine for all five types of dengue viruses is still ongoing.
References/Resources:
1. Mayo Clinic – Dengue fever
2. WHO – Dengue: How to keep children safe
3. KidsHealth – Dengue Fever In Children
4. ScienceDirect – Dengue Shock Syndrome
5. National Library of Medicine – Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever
6. CDC – Dengue
7. Health New Zealand Te Whatu Ora – Dengue
8. Nemours Kids Health – Dengue Fever
9. WHO – Dengue and severe dengue
10. American Academy of Pediatrics – Dengue Vaccine & Kids: FAQs for Families Who Live Where Dengue Disease Commonly Spreads
Also Read:
Norovirus in Children
Measles(Rubeola) in Kids
Dengue in Babies and Toddlers
Home Remedies of Dengue for Kids
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in Kids
Read more
10 Harmful Effects of Using Mobile Phones on Children
Children all over the world use smartphones for various purposes. Some of them are seen talking to their friends for long hours, while others spend their time playing countless games. The internet is an abode of knowledge for children. It can help them gain knowledge of a variety of topics and also aid them in research for projects. However, this tool also comes the dangers of long-term use or enabling children to get access to unsuitable content for their age. Though the utility of smartphones cannot be debated, continued use and exposure can have harmful effects on the child.
Video: 8 Harmful Effects of Smartphones on Children’s Health that Parents Must Know About
Bad Effects of Smartphones/Cell Phones on Children
Mobile phones may be an easy way to distract children or keep them occupied. However, they come with their own set of vices. Some of the negative effects of regular use of mobile phones include:
1. Possibility of Causing Tumours
Now, we don’t mean to scare you with this information, but it is good to know that studies suggest a possible increased risk of tumours in those who use cellphones excessively. There is limited evidence that tumours are caused due to cellphone radiation, but as a parent, you may want to limit the time your kids use phones to avoid possible risks.
2. Affects Brain Activity
Studies suggest that the human brain is sensitive to electromagnetic radiation; however, there is a need for more studies to prove the radiation could disturb brain activity. Since, mobile phones primarily function on electromagnetic waves for all forms of communication, even internal, and the brain has its own electric impulses wherein communication is carried out in the neural network, it could possibly affect the brain. However, as mentioned earlier, more research needs to be done to prove that radiation affects brain activity.
For now, what could possibly affect the brain is the content the child is exposed to and the screen time. Therefore, it is imperative for parents to control or limit screen time and ensure children have access to only certain programs, games, etc. that are suitable for their age. Limited cellphone time won’t affect the child’s learning or focus on other important things/activities, too, such as studies, hobbies, sports, etc.
3. Lowers Academic Performance
Many children carry phones along with them to their schools. Chatting with friends or playing games during school breaks, or even in the class, is increasing day-by-day. This results in children failing to pay attention in the class, missing out on important lessons, and consequently, being clueless about studies and examinations.
4. Possible Academic Malpractice
Smartphones not only distract children from studies but may also be their tool of malpractices to score well in exams. Using the inbuilt calculator in exams where it isn’t allowed, storing photographs or reference information to cheat in the examination, or even exchanging answers with other students over chat during the exam, have been widely observed in various schools. Such behaviour not only affects academic performance but also results in a personality issue.
5. Access to Inappropriate Media
Like any other gadget, the mobile phone is also a tool and can be used for wrong purposes. Kids could come across inappropriate messages, images, or texts shared by their friends or in the group, and further pass it on to others. They can find their way to pornography at an early age, changing their perceptions and thought process. Even exchanging images of their own, irresponsibly, can create a fiasco that impacts their lives for a long time.
6. Sleep Disruption
Children may stay up late talking to friends, playing games, or scrolling through social media, which over a period of time, causes fatigue and restlessness. It also disrupts academic life, as kids are too sleepy to concentrate on what is taught in school. Hence, it has a domino effect that seeps into all walks of their lives.
7. Medical Issues
With children glued to the mobile phone during their free time, they don’t partake in physical activity and get fresh air. This puts them at risk for obesity and other illnesses, which can later develop into harmful diseases such as diabetes and hypertension.
8. Mental Health Troubles
Children on social media may come in contact with cyberbullies who harass and bully them over the internet. Many children who have been cyber-bullied may only talk about their experience much later in life when the mental damage has already been done. Social media may also induce depression and anxiety when the kids are not given the online attention they expect.
9. Decreased Social Skills
A child who sees the world world in his mobile phone might choose to isolate himself from friends and family, rather than making new friends or talking to others. This can lead to social skills being underdeveloped in children, which eventually affects them in adulthood.
10. Bad Posture
Some children may sit with their shoulders hunched and head bent, staring at their phones for hours a day. This leads to pain in the shoulders, back, neck, and more, in the long run. Posture issues are a huge concern in most mobile phone users, including children.
With some awareness, parents can become alert and ensure all or most of the risks mentioned above are prevented for their children. Read on for some safety tips for you to decrease the risks of mobile phones in children.
Mobile Phone Safety Tips to Decrease the Risk
Taking the right measures to ensure mobile phone safety for kids is extremely important while they are growing up.
As a general practice, avoid giving cell phones to children under the age of 16. You may stay in touch with the teachers and school staff to ensure your child’s safety and health if needed. Some parents may choose otherwise, and that is fine too, as long as the child has no or limited access to content that will take his focus off his studies.
If you are worried about the radiation, you may make your child wear a wired headset or limit his talk time when he talks on the phone, instead of holding it to the ear. As mentioned earlier, there isn’t enough evidence to prove cellphone radiation can cause tumours, but if it eases your anxiety, go for it.
Avoid constantly giving your child your mobile phone when he is in the middle of an activity as it will only distract him or lead to falls and injuries.
As an adult, it is important for parents and other people in the house to restrict their use of phones when they are around children. This is not only for purposes of avoiding radiation, but to create a behaviour pattern as well.
Keep your mobile phones safely with you and out of sight of your kids at night. Children may quietly try to get a hold of it, without you finding out.
Enforce parental controls on your child’s phone or any other medium used to access the internet. This will ensure that he does not access information or content that is not meant for his age.
Watch how your child behaves when anyone comes near him during his phone-time. If he seems uncomfortable or agitated, it may be best to reduce his access to a phone.
Choose a right monthly phone plan that gives your child a fair usage limit. Avoid unlimited plans, as they might lead to smartphone addiction in your child.
How to Break Smartphone Addiction In Children?
Smartphone addiction is a growing concern amongst newer generations, as the internet gives them access to all kinds of content, and opens up an ocean of information for them. However, if your child is addicted to his smartphone, it is essential to break this as soon as possible. Here are some ways to deal with this issue.
Set stringent rules for screen time. Your child should have a balance between non-smartphone and smartphone play.
Make your child prioritise important things such as homework, house chores, socialising, and more.
Avoid using smartphones as a reward or distraction. It should merely be considered a tool your child uses for sometime everyday.
Use activity-based learning to engage your child in non-smartphone activities.
Ensure your child does not use his smartphone for extended hours a day. He should take regular breaks.
What Are The Warning Signs Your Child Has A Smartphone Addiction?
Keep a watch on your child whenever he is using his smartphone to catch any early warning signs of smartphone addiction. Here are five ways in which this addiction presents itself in children.
Always keeping a firm hold on their phone throughout the day.
Difficulty regulating emotions, leading to sudden outbursts.
Disturbances in sleep cycle.
Inability to focus on school or extracurricular activities.
Problems in socialising or maintaining real world friendships.
As with every technology or tool out there, a mobile phone is a double-edged sword. The technological prowess of the smartphone is tremendous, and it is quite a learning tool for children as well. However, keeping things in moderation and restricting usage hours goes a long way in ensuring children’s well-being and inculcating good behavioural habits in them.
Infographic: 6 Harmful Effects of Mobile Phones on Children
References/Resources:
1. Yadav. M, Kodi. S, Deol. R; Impact of mobile phone dependence on behavior and academic performance of adolescents in selected schools of Uttarakhand, India; PubMed Central; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8552249/; September 2021
2. IARC classifies radio-frequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans; World Health Organisation; https://www.iarc.who.int/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/pr208_E.pdf; May 2011
3. Heuvel. M, Borkhoff. C, Dai. D, et al.; Mobile Media Device Use is Associated with Expressive Language Delay in 18-Month-Old Children; PubMed; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30753173/; February 2019
4. Kim. S, Han. S, Park. E, et al.; The relationship between smartphone overuse and sleep in younger children: a prospective cohort study; PubMed Central; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7954067/; July 2020
5. Conte. S, Ghiani. C, Nicotra. E, et al.; Development and validation of the smartphone addiction risk children questionnaire (SARCQ); ScienceDirect; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844022001621; February 2022
6. Mokhtarinia. H, Torkamani. M, Farmani. O; Smartphone addiction in children: patterns of use and musculoskeletal discomfort during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran; BMC Pediatrics; https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12887-022-03748-7; November 2022
Also Read:
Internet Safety Tips for Children
Positive & Negative Effects of TV on Kids
Positive and Negative Influence of Advertising on Children
Positive and Negative Impacts of Social Media on Kids
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11 Home Remedies for Cold and Flu in Babies & Kids
Cold and flu are infections caused by viruses. Children under six cannot be given over-the-counter cold and flu medication so alternate home remedies can alleviate cold and flu symptoms in babies and children. Before we start with the list of home remedies for children’s colds and flu, you are advised not to try all of these remedies at once or simultaneously, and you should take care that your child does have allergic reactions to any ingredient. Also, consult with your paediatrician before trying these remedies, and remember to keep the baby’s age in mind before using any of them.
Before we move on to the remedies, you must know the symptoms of cold and cough in babies.
Video: 8 Home Remedies for Cold and Flu in Babies & Kids
Before we move on to the remedies, you must know the symptoms of cold and cough in babies.
Symptoms of Cold and Flu in Babies
Knowing the signs your baby may show when he has a cold will help you soothe the condition better. Here’s what you should look for :-
Mildly running nose
Mild cough
Sore throat
Stuffy or blocked nose
Loss or decrease in appetite
Restlessness
Mild fever
To treat the cold in babies, it is important that parents try first to comfort them so that they feel better. Fever causes dehydration, and the baby might not always feel thirsty or comfortable drinking. However, it is essential that you encourage him to consume more fluids. Look out for signs of dehydration and feed your baby fluids accordingly.
Here are some signs of dehydration in babies who are under 3 months of age:
Dry and chapped lips.
Sunken soft spots on the skin.
Baby appears less active.
Frequent urination (3 to 4 times in 24 hours).
Let’s take a look at some home remedies to treat the cold and flu in kids.
Home Remedies for Cold and Flu in Babies and Kids
These home remedies are safe, gentle and effective in helping babies feel better when they are suffering from cold or flu.
1. Breast Milk
Breast milk contains antibodies which make the body immune to all kinds of germs and viruses, including the cold and flu viruses. Along with this, breast milk also provides hydration. This is one of the best natural remedies for flu in infants. Breast milk can be fed to babies that are under 6 months of age who do not require any other medication.
2. Garlic and Ajwain Pouch
Garlic and ajwain are powerful cures for cough and cold as they contain anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties. This mixture is one of the best herbal remedies for the cold in children. Take 2 garlic cloves and 1 spoon of ajwain and dry roast them. Once cooled, put them in a muslin cloth and tie them tight. Place this pouch at a safe distance from the baby’s cot (not on the cot or under the bedding) so that the aroma provides comfort to the baby. This pouch should help clear any blockage the baby might have owing to a cold. Alternatively, you can also rub this pouch on the soles of the baby’s feet to achieve results.
3. Carrot Juice
Carrots contain essential nutrients and vitamins that help boost the immune system. This is one of the best home remedies to treat cold in toddlers. Carrots can be steamed, mashed and diluted with some room-temperature water for babies aged 6 months and above (babies who have been introduced to solids). For older kids who can digest fresh fruit juices, you can go for fresh carrot juice.
4. Saline Drops
Nasal or saline drops are a quick and safe option to provide your baby with some relief from congestion. One can use a dropper to administer the saline drops. Then use a nasal suction bulb to remove the mucus.
5. Use a Humidifier
A humidifier will help provide some relief from cough and cold by moistening dry air. A humidifier can be used in the baby’s room while he is asleep. Ensure that you clean the humidifier regularly or they begin to house mould and bacteria, which can affect your child’s health.
6. Steam Therapy
Run a hot shower and let some steam accumulate in the bathroom. Sit your baby in the steam for 10 to 15 minutes. The steam will loosen the mucus and will relieve the baby from congestion. Make sure your baby is adequately hydrated before and after the steam room treatment, as he will lose a lot of fluids.
7. Lemon Water Mixed With Honey
Lemons are rich in Vitamin C, which effectively fights a cold. Squeeze some lemon juice in warm water, and add honey for taste. This remedy is only for children above 1 year, as honey should not be given to children under 1 year.
8. Gargling
Older kids can gargle with salt water to relieve the cold and sore throat. Gargling helps in breaking down the mucus and reducing swelling. Make the baby gargle a few times during the day.
9. Raise Your Kid’s Head
Your child’s body repairs itself at night when asleep, which is why deep, uninterrupted sleep is important for the infection to subside. Raising your kid’s head will prevent the mucous from returning to his system and allow him to breathe easily. Simply take a towel and fold it. Put this towel under your child’s head to elevate his head. You can do so with a soft pillow too. Ensure that the pillow’s height is optimum, as your child may have neck trouble if the pillow is too elevated.
10. Warm Honey and Ginger Tea
A soothing and natural remedy that combines honey’s antibacterial properties with ginger’s congestion-relieving effects. Give your child 1-2 teaspoons of warm honey and ginger tea to ease cold and flu symptoms.
Please Note: If your baby is less than 1 year old, this recipe should be strictly avoided as honey is avoided for babies under 1 year old. Babies and toddlers above 1 year old can have this remedy.
11. Eucalyptus Oil Chest Rub
Create a homemade chest rub using eucalyptus oil, which has decongestant properties. Gently massage the rub onto your child’s chest to help relieve congestion and promote easier breathing during cold and flu episodes.
When you follow these remedies, you must also remember to ensure your baby doesn’t develop other issues. Let’s take a look at the precautions you must take.
Precautions to Take While Using Remedies for Cold and Flu in Babies and Kids
Avoid trying any home remedy that involves consuming an oil, herb, or medicine for babies below 6 months of age.
Ensure that the baby gets 18 hours of sleep, and toddlers or older kids get at least 8 hours of sleep when they have a cold and cough.
Do not use honey for children who are less than 1 year old. This could lead to infant botulism (a form of poisoning).
Toddlers and older kids should be encouraged to use a handkerchief and wash their hands to avoid infection.
Wash your and your baby’s hands frequently during this time to avoid infections. 80% of infections spread through touch.
Ensure that your child is not allergic to any ingredient you will be using in your home remedy.
Breastfeed as much as you can. Breast milk has a lot of antibodies that build immunity.
Do not forcefully give food to your baby. Loss of appetite is common during colds and flu.
Your baby’s clothing during a cold and flu should be in accordance with the weather. Keep your baby warm by clothing him in layers.
Keep your child away from daycare or school when he is unwell, especially if he has a fever.
Feed only boiled and cooled water to prevent any other infections in the baby.
Try the recipes on yourself before using them on the baby.
Keep your house clean so no one else falls ill. It is a good idea to disinfect objects that are used frequently.
Try to feed the baby warm fluids that will help flush out the mucus, hydrate him, and relieve him from the cold.
In case, despite trying these remedies, your baby’s health doesn’t show signs of improvement, you must take him to a paediatrician immediately. Read on to know when you must consult a doctor.
When to Consult a Doctor?
You must also observe your child for the symptoms below when using home remedies. If the symptoms persist, you must immediately take your little one to a doctor.
Runny nose and cough with thick, greenish and yellowish secretions.
Sore throat and difficulty swallowing.
Inflamed tonsils.
Increased respiratory rate.
Fever greater than 101 or 104 degrees for more than two consecutive days.
A high fever (100.4 degrees or higher) in babies under 3 months old.
Has a fever that does not subside after taking acetaminophen.
Extremely drowsy or fatigued.
Refuses to eat or drink.
Has breathing issues or is wheezing.
All the above symptoms are indicative of something other than the common cold and would require immediate medical attention.
The above-mentioned remedies will help provide your little one relief from the cold. You could take a trial-and-error approach where you can observe which treatment your baby responds to the best. You must go into prevention mode once your child recovers from the cold and flu.
References/Resources:
1. Ashkin. E, Mounsey. A. PURLs; A spoonful of honey helps a coughing child sleep; J Fam Pract.; PubMed Central; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3601686/; March 2013
2. Caring for Your Child’s Cold or Flu; American Academy of Pediatrics; https://healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/flu/Pages/caring-for-Your-childs-cold-or-flu.aspx
3. Coughs and Colds: Medicines or Home Remedies?; American Academy of Pediatrics; https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/chest-lungs/Pages/Coughs-and-Colds-Medicines-or-Home-Remedies.aspx
4. Cold medicines for kids: What’s the risk?; Mayo Clinic; https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/in-depth/cold-medicines/art-20047855
5. Should You Give Kids Medicine for Coughs and Colds?; USDA; https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/should-you-give-kids-medicine-coughs-and-colds
6. Saketkhoo. K, Januszkiewicz. A, Sackner. MA; Effects of drinking hot water, cold water, and chicken soup on nasal mucus velocity and nasal airflow resistance; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/359266/; October 1978
7. Paul. LM, Beiler. JS, King. TS, et al.; Vapor Rub, Petrolatum, and No Treatment for Children With Nocturnal Cough and Cold Symptoms; PubMed Central; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3600823/; November 2018
Also Read:
Safe Home Remedies for Cough in Children
Foods to Eat & Avoid during Cold and Cough for Babies, Toddlers and Kids
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How to Reduce Fever in Child Naturally – Home Remedies & Tips
Fevers are common among children, and there are several ways to reduce fever in children through home remedies. However, persistent or high fever in children requires immediate medical attention. There are several home remedies for fever in kids that are easy and quick to prepare. Fever is a self-defence mechanism of the human body to fight infections caused by viruses or bacteria. Your child may also have a fever as a reaction to a vaccine or drug or due to some inflammatory conditions. If you are looking for easy and natural ways to treat a fever at home, we might help you. In this article, learn about some safe and effective fever home remedies for children.
Facts About Fever in Children
Most parents worry about a fever and do everything to bring it down. However, the temperature reading is not the best indicator of whether a fever warrants concern. As a parent, you need to observe how comfortable your child is. If your child has a low fever and is active, you may not need to intervene at all! However, it is important to monitor a child’s food and fluid intake and urination pattern during a fever. If these are normal, there is no need to panic or rush to a paediatrician. Observe the child for signs of improvement or change. However, if your child is uncomfortable and the fever crosses 104 degrees or persists for two consecutive days, it is time to see a doctor.
Refer to the table below to understand how to calculate the temperature and when to worry about your child’s fever (1):
Method
Age Group
Normal Range (°C)
Normal Range (°F)
Notes
Rectal
0–3 years
(especially above 3 months)
36.6–38.0
97.9–100.4
One of the most accurate ways to check the temperature in infants
Oral
Above 4 years
35.5–37.5
95.9–99.5
Wait 15 to 30 minutes after eating or drinking
Axillary
Any age
36.5–37.5
97.8–99.5
Slightly less accurate; easy for screening
Ear
Above 6 months
35.8–38.0
96.4–100.4
Quick, but technique matters; not accurate before 6 months of age
Forehead
Any age
36.1–37.9
97.0–100.2
Temporal artery device; simple for all
While taking that syrup might be easy, it is not necessarily the best option. Opting for natural remedies for fever at home helps your child build immunity by boosting the body’s ability to fight an infection. Medicines are foreign substances that need to be metabolised. Moreover, medicines like Tylenol, Ibuprofen, and Advil are usually administered to reduce fever, but they may cause liver failure and other harmful side effects, such as asthma or gastrointestinal bleeding, if consumed regularly. Although aspirin is recommended for adults, it is not safe for children, and thus not recommended (2).
It is best to administer such medicines only if natural ways to reduce fever fail, or in the following cases when you must contact your paediatrician immediately:
If the child is an infant with a fever of 100.4 degrees or more
If the child has a weak immune system because of another issue, such as chemotherapy
If the child’s fever lasts for two to three consecutive days without accompanying cough, cold, or pain
If the child experiences breathing trouble along with a fever
6 Home Remedies to Treat Fever in Kids
If you wake up at night and find out that your child’s forehead feels warm, do not panic. Take a deep breath and analyse the following :
If your baby is suffering from a cold, then he/she is likely to get a fever
Your child can have a mild fever post-vaccination
Babies have a fever during teething, not because of teething. During this phase, children tend to put things in their mouths, which exposes them to several microbes that may trigger an immune response, causing a fever. Teething does not cause fever (3).
Here are some effective remedies for fever in children, borrowed straight from a mother’s book! These are remedies that our mothers and grandmothers swear by and are very potent in providing relief from fever:
1. Rubbing an Onion
If you are an Indian, you must have heard your mother and grandmother preach about the medicinal benefits of onions. Onion not only helps reduce body temperature but also relieves pain during a fever. Simply cut one whole onion into thin slices and rub 2 to 3 pieces on your child’s feet for a few minutes. This process may be repeated twice a day to reduce fever. A study published in the Indian Journal of Applied Research found that applying onion slices to a child’s feet with a fever significantly lowers their temperature; thus, it should be considered a non-pharmacological approach to reducing fever in children (4).
2. Ginger Bath
Ginger has antibacterial properties that help reduce fever in children. It helps in sweating, which, in turn, helps remove body heat and toxins. Add about two tablespoons of ginger powder to a bathtub filled with warm water. The powder needs to be stirred well. You can give your ailing child a warm ginger bath. Sweating post-bath will reduce his body heat and flush out the toxins. Ginger can be an effective home treatment for fever in children. When giving a bath, avoid contact with your toddler’s eyes.
3. Chamomile Tea
Chamomile Tea is a good remedy for fever-induced tummy ache. With inflammatory and sedative properties, chamomile tea helps soothe an aching tummy (5). Boil water and soak chamomile tea leaves for a minute. Add honey to it and give your child as many drops as they can take, about two times a day. Some children do not enjoy the change of taste, so keep your fingers crossed. Please remember not to give chamomile tea or any herbal concoction to children under 1 year of age.
4. Lemon Juice Added to Honey
Vitamin C in lemon strengthens our body’s immunity. Honey provides our body with nourishment. A combination of the two is effective in reducing cough caused by fever. You can add one tablespoon of honey to one tablespoon of lemon juice. Mix it well and feed your toddler. His fever is sure to reduce.
5. Massage With Warm Garlic-infused Mustard Oil
You must have heard that mustard oil and garlic effectively reduce fever. This is indeed true. In addition, it releases body pain and helps in sweating to remove body toxins. Just heat two tablespoons of mustard oil and add one tablespoon of crushed garlic to it. Leave the mixture undisturbed for two minutes to cool down naturally. Gently massage your child’s chest, back, palms, and soles of the feet with the lukewarm mustard oil, prior to bedtime. After the oil massage, give your child a sponge bath with lukewarm water and keep them hydrated.
6. Raisin Water
Although there is no scientific evidence to suggest that raisins or raisin water treat fever, this remedy is a popular one. We suggest consulting with your doctor prior to trying this remedy. You can soak around six to seven raisins in ½ a cup of water for 1 hour. When the raisins become soft, crush them and strain the liquid. Juice from half a lime may be added to this liquid. Feed your child the raisin paste twice daily. Alternatively, you can raise water by soaking some raisins in clean drinking water and straining the water the next day for drinking.
Home Remedies for Viral Fever
Viral fevers are seasonal infections and can be taken care of at home. There are quite a few viral fever home remedies for toddlers:
1. Coriander Seeds
Phytonutrients and vitamins present in coriander (dhaniya) seeds help in building the body’s immunity. This can effectively protect your child against viral fever. Add coriander seeds to boiling water. When the solution cools down, strain it, and add milk and sugar. Serve the soothing drink to your child to reduce the fever.
2. Dill Seeds
Dill seeds contain monoterpenes and flavonoids, which act as antimicrobial agents to fight against viral fever by effectively reducing body temperature. You may prepare a decoction and feed this to your child to reduce his fever.
3. Basil Leaves
Basil or Tulsi leaves have antibiotic and germicidal properties. They are also antibacterial and fungicidal. Tulsi has been used for fighting viral fever for a long time. Boil 20 tulsi leaves in a litre of water, then add half a spoon of powdered clove. Boil the solution until it reduces to half, then feed it to your child every 2 hours.
4. Rice Starch
Rice starch acts as a diuretic agent. It helps in strengthening the body’s immune system. It promotes urination, which helps flush out bodily toxins. You can use rice starch as a home remedy to effectively reduce viral fever. Boil rice and strain it. Give the fresh, warm leftout water, i.e., rice starch, to your child.
5. Fenugreek Seeds
Fenugreek (methi) seeds contain alkaloids, saponins, and diosgenin, which bear immense medicinal values. They can effectively reduce viral infections. Soak fenugreek seeds in water overnight. Make your child sip the strained water throughout the day. It can effectively reduce fever.
6. Coconut Oil
Coconut oil also has antibacterial and antiviral properties. You can make your child consume it in small quantities by mixing it with his food.
Note: These remedies are not recommended for young children under the age of 4. Please consult your doctor before trying any home remedy.
Tips to Reduce Fever Naturally
Although it’s quite impossible to eliminate the fever immediately, there are several techniques to bring down your child’s fever without medical intervention. Please keep in mind that these are substitutes for medical treatment. If you want to know how to reduce fever in a child naturally, these could be helpful.
1. A Sponge Bath or Warm Bath
For infants, a warm sponge bath; for older children, a lukewarm bath in a tub can be really soothing during a fever. A warm bath helps regulate temperature. Water should neither be too hot nor too cold (6). Body temperature drops as water evaporates from the body. A cold water bath should be avoided during a fever. Cold water can trigger shivering and may raise the body temperature further.
Note: In the olden days, massaging with a specific type of rubbing alcohol to treat fever was a common practice. However, research indicates that alcohol can spike temperature and even lead to alcohol poisoning. This remedy is best avoided.
2. Use the Fan Judiciously
You might want to revisit the old notions, such as switching off the fan if your child has a fever. Make sure your child is placed in a well-ventilated, airy room. You can always keep the fan on to help circulate air around the child. Just lower the fan speed to keep the room temperature normal so the child does not shiver.
3. Feed Your Child at Regular Intervals
During a fever, the body requires more vitamins and electrolytes as it dehydrates. A child’s diet should include light and easily digestible food, as well as plenty of fluids, during a fever. Bone broth or chicken soup with vegetables can be fed to the child. Bone broth contains a high amount of cartilage, which aids in the production of white blood cells that protect the body against infections.
Make sure your child consumes food that is easily digestible. Feed the child every two hours initially, and when the child is better, you may reduce the frequency to once every four hours. Do not force your child to eat. Spicy, fatty, and high-fibre foods need to be avoided as they are difficult to digest. Custard, light dal, eggs, baked fish, cereals, boiled vegetables, and dry fruits are good meal choices. If you have a baby or toddler, strained bananas and mashed potatoes are perfect. Khichdi made of rice and lentils is another good option.
4. Keep Your Child Hydrated
Apart from soups and solid food, fluid intake in the form of water and juices is essential. Fruits, ORS water, milk, barley water, coconut water, and buttermilk boost the body’s energy level and give the body the needed strength to recover. For babies under 6 months of age, breastfeed or give only extra formula milk to maintain hydration (7). Do not give water to babies under 1 year. When in doubt, discuss this with your doctor, as the amount of extra feed needed will vary based on the baby’s age and weight. ORS (oral rehydration solution) also helps compensate for inadequate fluid intake, which is an essential part of fever treatment at home. An ORS should only be given to children and not babies.
5. Choose Light Clothing
During a fever, children should wear light clothing to help prevent heat loss (8). Layers of clothing aggravate fever by trapping body heat. Use a blanket if the child is shivering.
6. Stay Indoors
Do not expose your child to direct sunlight while they have a fever. Keep the child in a calm and shaded place, preferably indoors. It is better to avoid excessive exposure to public places, as a weak body is vulnerable to infections
7. Ensure Plenty of Rest and Sleep
Adequate rest and sleep can refresh the child. During rest, the body can dedicate energy to healing rather than distributing it to deal with other activities. If the child is reluctant to sleep, pick activities that limit movement, such as colouring, solving puzzles, or playing with a favourite toy. If you have time, tell them stories, watch videos together, or teach them rhymes. This way, with less movement, the body will be able to direct more energy towards healing the actual ailment
8. Saline Drops to Reduce Fever
Saline drops can be prepared by adding a ¼ tablespoon of salt to 230 mL of water. The water needs to be stirred till the salt dissolves completely. Carefully put two drops in each nostril of your child with a dropper. Administering saline drops helps clear a congested nose and reduces fever
9. Avoid Exposure to Smoke
Smoking suppresses the body’s immune system. On being exposed to smoke, the body has to fight harder against the viruses and bacteria. This increases the body temperature. Hence, ensure that your little one is not exposed to passive smoking from cigarettes, nicotine, or any other tobacco products.
10. Use a Cold Compress
Natural home remedies for fever in babies include using a cold compress. A cold compress on the forehead and nape of the neck can effectively reduce fever in toddlers. Add two tablespoons of apple cider vinegar to 4 tablespoons of cold water. Apple cider vinegar is effective at helping the body cool down. The ingredients need to be mixed well. Use a piece of clean cloth to soak the mixture for a minute. Remove excess water and place it on your child’s forehead and/or nape for a few minutes.
11. Steam Inhalation Helps
If fever is accompanied by a cold, steam can help clear the mucus that causes the fever. A steam bath can be an effective fever treatment at home. Fill the vaporiser with hot water and add a few drops of eucalyptus oil. Help your child take a breath of the steam. Breathing the warm, moist air will help remove mucus and thus reduce fever.
Dealing With Febrile Seizures
Febrile seizures are a common phenomenon amongst healthy infants and young children. Wondering what a febrile seizure is? In children aged 6 months to 5 years, high fever can be accompanied by convulsions. You may see your child drooling, rolling his eyes, or vomiting. It is also possible that their body may jerk, twitch, or become stiff. Most febrile seizures happen in children within 24 hours of getting sick. In rare cases, a child may have a seizure before developing a fever. The seizure may last from a few seconds up to 15 minutes, which is usually considered very long (9). Contact your paediatrician immediately if the seizure lasts for more than 3 minutes. Febrile seizures can be equally scary for parents and children. To comfort your child during a seizure, place him on his side. To avoid choking on vomit, turn his head carefully to one side. Do not feed him anything during the seizure, not even medicine.
Please remember that a febrile seizure in a child does not indicate epilepsy. Both have different diagnoses.
When to Call a Doctor?
If your child is experiencing a very high or persistent fever that does not respond well to medication, you should consult a doctor or your child’s paediatrician.
If your child’s fever is accompanied by any of the following symptoms, get medical attention immediately (10):
stiffness or pain in the neck
difficulty breathing
dehydration
sensitivity to light
rash
seizure
extreme sluggishness or drowsiness
stomach pain
continuous crying
Blue lips, tongue or nails
These markers could indicate a life-threatening infection like meningitis. Since infants and babies are highly delicate and sensitive, the threshold for seeking medical attention for them compared to adults is usually low. In general, you can seek medical treatment for a child who:
is younger than 3 months old and has a temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher
is 3–6 months old and has a fever of 102.2°F (39°C) or higher
has had a fever lasting longer than 5 days
displays other signs of illness, like a rash
shows symptoms of dehydration, such as sunken eyes, lack of tears when crying, or diapers that are not very wet
is not eating and appears to be generally unwell
Try these Indian home remedies for fever that do not bear any harmful side effects. Try these as a first line of medication. However, if you do not see improvement or observe that the symptoms are getting worse, consult a doctor.
Also Read:
Viral Fever in Kids
Indigestion in Children
Causes of Gastritis in Kids
Home Remedies for Fever in Babies
Home Remedies for Cold & Cough in Toddlers
Read more
20 Home Remedies for Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) in Kids
Urinary tract infection is common in children. It is an infection that affects the urinary tract, urethra, or kidneys, which may cause a burning sensation while peeing, increase the need to pee, or cause blood in the pee (1). Since children are delicate and have a developing immune system, they are susceptible to a host of illnesses and infections, including urinary tract infections. Although a course of antibiotics is the best way to cure the infection after consulting a doctor, if the infection is in its early stage, you may try some home remedies to treat a UTI. There is a plethora of information available on children’s UTI home remedies, but determining which one is genuine requires thorough research. If you are a parent searching for ‘How to treat UTI in a child at home?’, this article is beneficial for you.
Home Remedies for Urine Infection in Kids
Here is a list of natural remedies to treat UTI in children:
1. Give Them Lots of Water
Make your child drink as much water as possible. Urinating frequently helps flush out toxins quickly. However, please don’t force them to drink water (2). If your baby is less than 6 months old, breastfeed more than usual.
2. Feed Fruit Juices
If your baby is more than six months old, unsweetened cranberry, blueberry, or pineapple juice is the best option. The reason these fruits are recommended is that they limit the growth and multiplication of harmful bacteria in the urinary tract. Although there is limited research, cranberries are known to have been used to prevent UTI for generations (3). Remember to consult a paediatrician before giving juices to your baby. Also, dilute it before giving, as some fruit juices can increase the acidity of urine.
3. Feed Probiotics
Good bacteria are essential and necessary to suppress the overgrowth of bad microorganisms in the gut. Probiotics help treat and prevent UTIs by restoring the body’s natural flora and enhancing bacterial resistance. Yoghurt is an excellent source of probiotics along with other cultured dairy products. You can give your little one a yoghurt smoothie or a yoghurt popsicle to enjoy as well as heal (4).
4. Give Lemon Juice
Lemon juice acts as a diuretic agent (a diuretic agent increases the passing of urine) and helps to flush out harmful bacteria and toxins from the body. It causes the pH level in the blood and urinary tract to change from acidic to alkaline, which stops the growth of bacteria. Making your child drink lemon juice every day can prevent urinary tract infections in the future.
5. Avoid Acidic Food and Drinks
If your child has started semi-solids, solids and fluids other than breast milk, avoid giving acidic foods and drinks. The dish should be bland, and diluted juices, breast milk, vegetables and non-acidic fruits should be given.
6. Keep Your Baby’s Private Areas Clean
Change your baby’s soiled diaper at regular intervals. Before putting on a new diaper, clean their private areas with antimicrobial baby wipes first. Make sure you wash your hands before doing this.
7. Warm Bath
Give your baby a warm bath once a day with a hypoallergenic soap. The warm water will provide relief from pain and also clean the private parts of your baby, preventing further bacterial growth.
8. Use Cloth Diapers
Cloth diapers don’t absorb pee and poop, and can be changed immediately. Therefore, cloth diapers can be used to discourage the overgrowth of bacteria.
9. Wipe From Front to Back (for girls)
If you have a daughter, wiping from front to back can help prevent UTIs (5). Pee and poop contain unhealthy bacteria, which can cause infections if they come into contact with the urethra and urinary tract. So, when you clean your child’s private areas, remember to wipe from the front to the back (and not vice versa) and use a different toilet paper for the genitals and the anus.
10. Tell Them to Urinate Often
Advise your children not to hold their pee and urinate whenever they feel the need. They may not comply because urination is painful when one is suffering from UTI. However, positive encouragement can do wonders. You can tell them that the more they urinate, the sooner the pain will cease.
11. Include Vitamin C-rich Foods
Vitamin C-rich fruits, such as oranges, strawberries, and lemons, as well as green leafy vegetables, help prevent bacteria from spreading in the system and maintain bladder health (4). Therefore, consuming Vitamin C-rich fruits or taking Vitamin C supplements (after consulting a doctor) is a good way to treat UTIs in kids.
12. Add Garlic to Their Diet
According to a recent study, garlic extract is an effective weapon against pathogenic bacteria associated with UTI (6). Therefore, be sure to add garlic to your child’s diet (3).
13. Coconut Oil
Adding a spoonful of coconut oil to your child’s food is a good way to treat UTI, as it makes urinating easier. You can also apply a drop of coconut oil in the urethra just a little before your child urinates.
14. Place a Warm Towel
Heat water in a vessel and wrap a hand towel around it. Then, place the warm towel on your baby’s lower abdomen. Repeat it multiple times throughout the day. This will relieve them of the pain. Remember to check the temperature of the towel before putting it on your baby’s abdomen.
15. Try Apple Cider Vinegar
Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV) is one of the best home remedies to treat UTI in kids. It is rich in potassium, which prevents the E. coli bacterium from developing and multiplying in the urinary tract. The acetic acid present in apple cider vinegar has anti-bacterial components which kill the harmful bacteria present in the urinary tract. ACV should be taken orally. If your child doesn’t like its taste, add a little honey and water and administer it in the mornings for a week.
16. Cucumber
Cucumber is not just a great finger food, but it’s also an easy way to combat UTI. It has alkaline-forming minerals, which inhibit bacteria in the urinary tract, and is diuretic in nature, too. Therefore, it helps to remove the bacteria through frequent urination. Cucumbers also have anti-inflammatory properties, which help to relieve the inflammation and pain caused by UTI.
17. Feed Pineapples in the Snack
Pineapples contain an enzyme called bromelain that breaks down protein, which causes inflammation. This, when it combines with Trypsin, another enzyme, becomes an effective way of treating UTI. Thus, giving your baby strips of pineapple as finger food is a good and easy way of treating the infection.
18. Cod Liver Oil
Good-quality cod liver oil is another remedy to treat UTIs, as it is rich in vitamins A and D. The Vitamin D present in the oil stimulates the production of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin in the bladder, which helps prevent infections and is especially helpful in cases of recurrent UTIs.
19. Give Coconut Water to Drink
Drinking coconut water for a few days can help get rid of a urinary tract infection. That’s because coconut water cools and soothes the inflammation caused by the unfriendly bacteria.
20. Dress Them in Loose-fitting Clothes and Cotton Underwear
Making your child wear loose-fitting clothes and cotton underwear will allow the air to pass through and keep their private parts dry. As bacteria cannot breed in dry places, this will help treat and prevent the chances of contracting UTI in the future (7).
Herbs That Will Help to Cure UTI in Children
The following herbs are often considered complementary supports for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. Please remember that none of these herbal remedies replaces standard medical treatment, especially in children. So, always check with a paediatrician before use.
1. Vaccinium macrocarpon (Cranberry)
Cranberry is one of the most studied herbal/natural interventions for UTIs because of its active compounds (proanthocyanidins) that may help prevent bacteria such as Escherichia coli from sticking to the bladder wall (8). However, in children, the evidence is still very limited and the dose isn’t standardised. If used, it’s best as a gentle adjunct (not a substitute) alongside medical care.
2. Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion)
Dandelion is traditionally used as a mild diuretic. It may help increase urine flow and thereby support “flushing out” of the urinary tract. The idea is that more frequent/more substantial urine flow can help reduce bacterial load. That said, in children, it is essential to ensure adequate hydration and that the diuretic effect is safe in the specific case.
3. Plantago major (Broadleaf Plantain)
This herb is less familiar but has been traditionally used (and noted in the referenced review) for urinary and other infections. It contains mucilage, flavonoids, and other compounds that may soothe the urinary tract and support the resolution of infections (9). For children, these soothing herbs may help alleviate discomfort, although the evidence is preliminary.
4. Salvia officinalis (Sage)
Sage’s essential oil has shown antimicrobial activity in lab studies against urinary-tract pathogens (9). In practice for children, it could be used as a mild herbal tea or gentle infusion (if appropriate), under supervision, to support recovery and relieve irritation. But again: not a substitute for antibiotics when needed.
5. Allium sativum (Garlic)
Garlic is well-known for its broad antimicrobial properties in many settings. The general reviews on herbal UTIs list garlic among the herbs used for urinary infections (9). While giving garlic in food is usually safe, using it as a concentrated herbal medicinal form in children should be done only under professional guidance (due to dosage, digestion issues, and possible sensitivities).
Note: We do not endorse any herb, and thus recommend that you consult your doctor before trying any herbal remedy for your children.
When Should You Take Your Child to the Doctor?
Consult your doctor when your child experiences pain while peeing and has an unexplained fever with chills or back pain. Also, contact your doctor if your little one exhibits any or all of the following symptoms (10):
Severe pain and a burning sensation while urinating
Fever above 101°F (38.3°C) in young children or 100.4°F (38°C) checked rectally in infants
Bad-smelling or discoloured pee
Urine that looks cloudy or has blood
Low back pain or belly pain below the belly button
FAQs
1. Can a UTI in children go away on its own?
If your little one has a urinary tract infection, consulting a doctor is a must. The doctor may prescribe an antibiotic treatment depending on the situation. An untreated UTI can worsen and escalate to a kidney infection or other health issues (5).
2. Can you test your child’s UTI at home?
Yes, it is possible to conduct a home UTI test using over-the-counter dipstick kits that check for indicators, such as nitrites and leukocytes in urine. Nonetheless, these tests should not replace professional medical care and a physician’s evaluation, as they may overlook certain infections and aren’t as dependable as a laboratory urine culture. If your child exhibits UTI symptoms, it’s essential to see a paediatrician for an accurate diagnosis and treatment, even if a home test yields negative results (11).
3. What is the fastest way to treat UTI in children?
Antibiotic courses prescribed by doctors are known to quickly clear the symptoms of a UTI. Completion of the course of antibiotics is necessary to completely get rid of the urinary infection.
Urinary tract infections are not a significant health concern for children. However, if it persists for long, it can affect your child’s kidneys and lead to severe health issues. So, try out the above-mentioned home remedies to cure UTI in your kid, and if they don’t work, take a doctor’s opinion as soon as possible.
Also Read:
Frequent Urination in Kids
Safe Home Remedies for Cough in Children
Home Remedies for Mouth Ulcers in Babies & Kids
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White Spots on Your Child's Nail – Should You Be Worried?
A child’s fingernails can reveal a lot about their overall health. Pink and lustrous nails are usually indicative of good health. Discolouration, lines and ridges, brittle nails, or white spots on the nails can be a sign of an underlying medical issue. The emergence of white lines or spots on a child’s nail is also called leukonychia. In most cases, it is a harmless condition that is fairly prevalent in children. The spots vanish in due course of time as the nail grows out.
In this article, we have explained the reason behind white marks on the nails of children, its treatment and prevention tips. Let’s read!
What White Spots on Your Child’s Nails Mean?
White spots or white dots on nails of a child can imply a zinc deficiency, which is easily curable. Sometimes it corresponds with low iron, low magnesium and calcium levels. At times it can be a mark of a past injury rendered at the base of the nail, which starts showing as a white spot when the nails grow a bit. Irrespective of the cause, the white spots are usually temporary and likely to disappear when the nail grows out completely, which roughly takes eight to nine months. However, instances, where recurrent white spots may appear on most of the nails, can be indicative of some viral or fungal infection or thyroid hormone disorders or chronic problems linked to the liver, kidney, or heart.
Types of Leukonychia
Leukonychia can be of the following types:
1. Total Leukonychia
Such a condition is usually genetic. The whole nail may change to fully white.
2. Partial Leukonychia
In this condition, whitening of some parts of the nail occurs. Partial leukonychia can have three variations:
Leukonychia striata: Horizontal white streaks appear parallel to the base of the nail (lunula). This condition is also called Mees’ Lines or Transverse Leukonychia.
Leukonychia punctata: Tiny white spots become visible on the nail. It is the most common form of leukonychia. It is also referred to as “true” leukonychia.
Longitudinal leukonychia: Longitudinal white lines emerge beneath the nail plate. Longitudinal leukonychia is quite rare.
3. Apparent Leukonychia
This condition involves white discolouration of nails due to alterations to the nail bed instead of the nail plate. Terry’s nails, Muehrcke’s nails, half and half nails are variations of apparent leukonychia.
What Causes White Spots (Leukonychia)?
Some of the likely causes of white spots on nails can be:
1. Nail Injury
White spots can be a result of some minor injury or trauma inflicted on the nail matrix. For example, banging of nails against a desk, fingers shutting in a door, bending of a nail, or incorrectly clipping a nail may cause leukonychia. The damage may have happened weeks before, but nails tend to grow very slowly. Therefore, the injury may become visible when the nails grow in the form of a white spot.
2. Allergic Reaction
Another cause of white spots can be a mild allergy due to exposure of nails to certain chemicals as found in nail polish, removers, and hardeners.
3. Infection
The emergence of white spots on nails can be a fungal infection. If left untreated, it can grow and slowly spread to the bed of the nail. The nail may turn flaky and brittle.
4. Mineral Deficiency
White spots on nails may become noticeable in case of a mild deficiency of certain minerals like zinc, caused by some illness or variations in hormone levels.
5. Possible Side Effect
Leukonychia can also surface as a plausible side effect of certain medications or treatments like systemic chemotherapy.
6. Other Causes
Some possible additional causes can be:
Kidney failure
Heart problems
Eczema or psoriasis
Arsenic or lead poisoning
Pneumonia
Symptoms of White Spots on Nails
White spots can manifest in various ways. The cause may dictate the form and extent. For example, a nail injury may show as a big white dot, while an allergic reaction can produce several dots across the nail. Some of the common symptoms can be:
Small measured spots
Larger distinct individual spots
Lines (longitudinal or horizontal) across the nail
Do These White Spots Occur Only Due to a Calcium Deficiency?
Most people think calcium deficiency causes white spots on nails. But many medical researchers like to challenge this notion. They say that both the occurrences are not connected. White spots are most commonly a result of an old injury to the nail matrix, which starts becoming prominent as the nail grows out. Alternatively, a fungal infection, an allergy to nail products or a food item can also be probable triggers. Sometimes the condition can be genetic. In very rare instances it can point to some deficiency which more often than not is related to low levels of iron, zinc or biotin.
Treatments for White Spots
The treatment for white lines on nails toddler may differ depending on their cause. A doctor, to make a diagnosis, may recommend a nail biopsy or mycology wherein nail tissues or clippings are studied. He may also propose a blood test to establish the likely presence of an underlying disease. There are certain treatments that may be suggested, depending on the cause.
In case the cause is a fungal infection, your doctor may prescribe oral antifungal medicines and topical antifungal creams.
In case it is the result of an allergy your doctor may suggest discontinuation of all nail products and give some anti-allergic medication.
Most injuries to a nail heals with time. With the growth of the nail, the wound will move upwards, and you can clip off the damaged part.
Cosmetic treatments are available if discolouration of nails is an issue.
Home Remedies to Get Rid of White Spots/Line on Children Nails
Some useful home remedies that may help to get rid of white patches on nails of children are mentioned below. However, discontinue these if there is any side effect like itching or the appearance of rashes.
1. Tea Tree Oil
First, add olive oil to tea tree oil to make a mixture. Once this is done, apply the same to the affected nail. Continuous use of this mixture may produce positive results.
2. Baking Soda
You can prepare a mixture combining half a cup of baking soda, some Epsom salt, one-fourth of a cup of peroxide, and four cups of warm water. Dip your child’s nails in this solution for some time regularly for reduction of white spots.
3. Orange Oil
Applying orange oil to the discoloured nails using a dropper or some cotton may prove beneficial in doing away with the white spots.
4. White Vinegar
You can soak your child’s nail in a concoction of white vinegar and lukewarm water for about ten minutes every day to eliminate the white spots.
5. Lemon Slices
Rubbing lemon slices on your child’s fingernails may help in eradicating the white spots.
How to Prevent White Spots on the Nails?
In case of inevitable conditions such as genetics, it may not be possible to prevent white spots on the nails. However, there are certain measures you can take to reduce the risk of white spots appearing on the nails, or preventing them in case of conditions such as injury or a deficiency.
1. Avoiding Contact With Chemicals or Irritants
Avoid exposing your child to irritants or chemicals such as nail polish removers, etc., as they can cause white spots or leukonychia to occur.
2. Keeping the Nails Hydrated
Keeping your nails hydrated ensures that white spots do not occur due to dryness. Moisturise your child’s nails as soon as he steps out of the shower and make it a habit, so he can continue the same as he grows up.
3. Eat Foods Rich in Zinc
Regularly eat foods that have a high zinc content, such as nuts, dairy, eggs, meat, etc. This will reduce the risk of a zinc deficiency, and subsequently, leukonychia.
When to Consult Paediatrician?
You may like to consult a paediatrician in the following cases:
If all the nails turn completely white
If several white spots become evident on all the nails
If parallel discoloured lines appear on all the nails
If your child’s nail become part brown and part white
The occasional white spots or leukonychia on your child’s nails may not be a worrisome situation. Usually, it doesn’t require any special treatment. In case a child frequently gets white spots on all his nails, the issue may need further investigation to rule out any serious complications.
References/Resources:
1. Nail abnormalities; medlineplus.gov; https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003247.htm
2. Matilde Iorizzo, Michela Starace, Marcel C. Paschcorresponding; Leukonychia: What Can White Nails Tell Us?; National Library of Medicine; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8809498/
3. White nail; dermnetnz.org; https://dermnetnz.org/topics/white-nail
4. Nail Changes; nationwidechildrens.org; https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/family-resources-education/health-wellness-and-safety-resources/helping-hands/nail-changes
5. What Causes White Spots on Fingernails?; wonderopolis.org; https://wonderopolis.org/wonder/what-causes-white-spots-on-fingernails
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Nail Biting in Children
Dark Circles Under Eyes in Kids
Tips to Correct Bad Habits in Children
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20 Home Remedies for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious viral disease that affects children under the age of ten. It is caused by the coxsackie virus. The virus spreads through contact with unwashed hands, surfaces contaminated with faeces, an infected person’s stool or respiratory fluids. The symptoms of this disease include fever, sore throat, tiredness, painful ulcers, sores on the inside of the mouth and tongue, and blisters or rashes on the hands, feet, buttocks, elbows, and on the back of the knees. This disease is self-limiting and goes away on its own within a week to ten days. It cannot be prevented by a vaccine or cured with medication. So, how to treat hand, foot and mouth disease? There are some home remedies that can help your child tackle the symptoms of this disease. Once your child heals, the chances of him contracting this disease will be rare, as his body will have developed immunity against this virus.
Natural Home Remedies to Treat Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in a Child
Some home remedies to treat hand, foot, and mouth disease are mentioned below:
1. Tender Coconut Water
Coconut water cools the body and is gentle on the stomach. It contains a wide range of vitamins, minerals, electrolytes and antioxidants. It also contains lauric acid, which fights viruses. Giving coconut water to a child with HFMD can provide him relief from the pain in his mouth and keep his body hydrated. You can also freeze coconut water and have your child chew on the frozen cubes to reduce the pain caused by mouth sores.
2. Oil Pulling
This is an old Ayurvedic method for maintaining good oral hygiene. It also helps soothe the mouth sores caused by HFMD. Take a tablespoon of any oil such as peanut, sesame or coconut, and ask your child to swish it around in his mouth for 5 to 10 minutes and then spit it out. Make sure that he does not swallow the oil after swishing.
Please Note: This remedy is suitable only for children above 2 years of age.
3. Cod Liver Oil
Cod liver oil contains Vitamins A, D, and E. It boosts body immunity and has antimicrobial properties. It is a good remedy for HFMD. It can be given to a child in the form of capsules or by mixing the oil in a juice or yoghurt.
4. Echinacea
Echinacea is a herb that belongs to the daisy family. It has antimicrobial properties. This herb boosts the immune system and reduces the symptoms of fever, cold, and other infections like HFMD. Echinacea can be consumed in the form of capsules or by boiling its leaves in water to make tea and adding honey to it.
5. Lavender Oil
Lavender oil is a very good disinfectant and fights viruses. It also has calming and relaxing properties and can help your child sleep better. You can add a few drops of lavender oil in the bath water of your child or diffuse it in his room with an essential oil diffuser.
6. Lemon Essential Oil
Lemon essential oil is another disinfectant. You can add a few drops of this oil to your child’s body wash to help him fight the virus and nourish his skin. You can also mix a few drops in a carrier oil like coconut or olive oil and apply it on the rashes.
7. Liquorice Root
Liquorice root has antiviral and antimicrobial properties and has been used as a home remedy and in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries for treating various viral and microbial infections. It contains a chemical called triterpenoid that boosts immunity. It also forms a thin layer of mucous on the insides of the throat and oesophagus, thus helping to soothe blisters. Boil some liquorice roots in water, strain it to make tea and add honey to it, then give it to your child. However, use it with caution as an overdose of liquorice can be harmful to him.
8. Salt Water Rinse and Baths
Ask your child to rinse his mouth with warm salt water three to four times a day, as it will provide him relief from painful blisters and mouth sores. You can use common table salt for this or Himalayan pink salt. Pink salt is more effective because it balances the pH level inside the mouth. Also, adding Epsom salts to his bath water can soothe the rashes on the body and help a child heal faster from the HFMD symptoms. You can also add a few drops of lavender or lemon essential oil to the Epsom salt bath water, which can provide your child some relief.
Please Note: The mouth rinse remedy is suitable for big children only and NOT for babies and toddlers. For saltwater baths, please consult your doctor first to rule out the chances of any allergy.
9. Garlic
Garlic has strong antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiangiogenic properties that are known to treat several infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases, allergies, and autoimmune diseases. It contains high levels of sulphur compounds. You can include garlic in your food, give it to your child in the form of capsules, or make a herbal tea by boiling 3 cloves of garlic in water and letting him drink it once it cools.
10. Elderberry
Elderberry is well known for its antioxidant properties that boost immunity and help improve resistance to diseases. It helps the body produce mucous to fight viruses. It increases the body’s temperature slightly, thus making it difficult for viruses to multiply and grow. Make an elderberry and honey syrup and give it to your little one frequently to help him heal faster from HFMD.
11. Ginger
Ginger contains several antiviral chemicals. It also has sedative and pain-relieving effects. Make ginger root tea by simmering crushed, chopped ginger in water until the water is concentrated with ginger juice. Cool this and give it to your child with honey.
12. Astralagus
Astralagus is a plant of the legume family and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for hundreds of years. It is known for its immune-system-boosting properties. It stops viruses from multiplying in the body. You can buy astralagus ointments for topical application. You can also buy astralagus tea bags or make your own by simmering a teaspoon of grated astralagus root in water. Strain this and give this drink to your child after adding honey to soothe the symptoms of HFMD.
13. Coconut Oil
Coconut oil has antimicrobial properties that promote oral health. You can apply coconut oil to the parts of your child’s skin where he has rashes or blisters, and soon, they will disappear as coconut oil helps in smoothening the area and reduce itching. A 2016 research published in the Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry found that coconut oil is as effective as chlorhexidine (a solution used to cleanse the skin and mouth of bacteria) in the reduction of Streptococcus mutans, which is the predominant microorganism found in dental plaque.
14. Indian Lilac or Neem
Neem or Indian Lilac has several antimicrobial properties and has been used to treat viral diseases for hundreds of years. You can apply neem oil to the rashes on your child’s body. You can also powder-dried neem leaves and make a paste of it with water. Apply this paste to the rashes and blisters for quick healing. You can even use neem oil combined with coconut oil or aloe vera gel, or a few drops of lavender oil for topical application.
15. Gooseberry
The Indian gooseberry or amla is rich in Vitamin C, an important vitamin necessary for immunity. It helps purify the blood and aids in digestion. Amla can be consumed in the form of juice. You can even give it to your child by making a powder from dried gooseberries and adding it to water. It can also be consumed in the form of fresh juice with mint and a little honey, though it may get difficult for babies to ingest it due to its sour and bitter taste.
Please Note: Honey must not be given to babies under the age of 1 as it can cause Listeria.
16. Pomegranate
Pomegranate contains antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds which help soothe the symptoms of HFMD. Let your child drink pomegranate juice or eat the fleshy seeds for quicker healing. You can also add a little black salt to it.
17. Apple Cider Vinegar
Apple cider vinegar contains Vitamins B and C. It also contains a chemical called inulin which increases the white blood cell (WBC) count. WBCs help fight viruses in our bodies. Mix 2 teaspoons of apple cider vinegar in warm water and ask your child to gargle with it to soothe his throat. Remember to monitor your child when he is doing this process.
18. Calendula
Calendula is a herb belonging to the marigold family. These plants have antibacterial and antiviral properties. They also lower inflammation, quicken healing, and help maintain oral health. You can make tea from calendula petals, add honey to it, and give it to your child. You can also use calendula cream mixed in aloe vera gel or any other moisturising base to apply over the rashes to soothe them.
19. Holy Basil or Tulsi
Tulsi is a herb that has several medicinal properties. It fights harmful microbes, reduces inflammation, and provides relief from pain. Let your child chew on tulsi leaves, or make a juice of the leaves, dilute it with water, and ask him to drink it a few times a day for faster relief from HFMD.
20. Aloe Vera
Aloe vera has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. It also increases immunity. Aloe vera contains minerals, vitamins, and several other compounds that are beneficial for the skin. Apply aloe vera gel to the rashes and blisters for soothing relief. You can even give aloe vera juice to your kid to help him heal faster from HFMD.
How to Prevent Catching Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease?
Practising good hygiene goes a long way in keeping diseases at bay, and it’s the strongest defence your child can have against this disease too. Make sure your child washes his hands regularly and thoroughly with antibacterial soap, especially after he comes into contact with surfaces that can have germs on them. Your child should wash his hands before and after every meal, after playing outside, and mainly after using the washroom. It’s also equally important to keep your surroundings clean. Disinfect any area that your child regularly uses, especially if it’s a shared space. Similarly, make sure things like toys or pacifiers (things that your child can put into his mouth) are definitely cleaned and disinfected.
When to Seek Medical Help?
In most cases, hand, foot, and mouth illness usually clears up within a week. But if your little one is still feeling unwell after ten days, it is ideal to reach out to their paediatrician.
If you notice any of the following signs in your child, you should certainly get in touch with the doctor:
1. Your child isn’t drinking enough to stay properly hydrated
2. Your child’s immune system is weakened or compromised
3. The symptoms are really severe
4. If your child is quite young, especially if they’re just six months or younger
It’s always better to be safe and make sure your child gets the care they need.
FAQs
1. Will Honey Help to Treat Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease?
Honey has been in use for the treatment of infected wounds for as long as 2,000 years, even before bacteria were discovered. Its antibacterial properties can help in treating the wounds from hand, foot, and mouth disease.
2. Which Ointment is Good for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease?
You could try using some 1% hydrocortisone ointment from the store, which might make things better for you. For a more natural approach, you can also apply things like petroleum jelly or zinc oxide ointment on the blisters at home – they could help speed up the healing process. However, it is best recommended to consult a doctor before treating your child with any medication.
3. What Will Be the Quarantine Period of HFMD?
Three to six days is the usual quarantine period for people dealing with hand, foot, and mouth disease, including children.
The symptoms of hand, foot, and mouth disease can make children very uncomfortable and irritable. The rashes and blisters can be very painful for the little ones. So, try these home remedies to soothe the symptoms and make your child as comfortable as possible.
References/Resources:
1. Prevent Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease; CDC; https://www.cdc.gov/hand-foot-mouth/about/prevention.html
2. Peedikayil. F. C, Sreenivasan. P, Narayanan. A; Effect of coconut oil in plaque related gingivitis – A preliminary report; Nigerian Medical Journal; PubMed Central; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4382606/; March-April 2015
3. Astragalus; NIH; https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/astragalus
4. Peedikayil. F. C, Remy. V, John. S, Chandru TP, et al.; Comparison of antibacterial efficacy of coconut oil and chlorhexidine on Streptococcus mutans: An in vivo study; The Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry; PubMed Central; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5109859/; September-October 2016
5. How Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Spreads; CDC; https://www.cdc.gov/hand-foot-mouth/about/transmission.html
6. Gbinigie. O, Onakpoya. I, Spencer. E, et al.; Effect of oil pulling in promoting oro dental hygiene: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials; Complement Ther Med.; PubMed; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27261981/; June 2016
7. Silva. G. L, Luft. C, Lunardelli. A, et al.; Antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of lavender essential oil; An Acad Bras Cienc.; PubMed; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26247152/; August 2015
8. Guerra. A. M, Orille. E, Waseem. M; Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease; In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; NIH; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431082/
9. Gakuya. D. W, Mulei. C. M, Wekesa. S. B; Use of ethnoveterinary remedies in the management of foot and mouth disease lesions in a diary herd; Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med.; PubMed Central; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3252696/; 2011
10. Arreola. R, Quintero-Fabián. S, López-Roa. R. I, et al.; Immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory effects of garlic compounds; Journal of Immunology Research; PubMed Central; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4417560/; 2015
11. Wang. L, Yang. R, Yuan. B, Liu. Y, Liu. C; The antiviral and antimicrobial activities of licorice, a widely-used Chinese herb; Acta Pharm Sin B.; PubMed Central; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4629407/; July 2015
12. Vázquez. B, Avila. G, Segura. D, Escalante. B; Antiinflammatory activity of extracts from Aloe vera gel; J Ethnopharmacol.; PubMed; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9121170/; December 1996
Also Read:
Home Remedies for Fever in Children
Effective Home Treatments for Chickenpox
Natural Remedies for Cold and Flu in Babies & Kids
Home Remedies for Mouth Ulcers in Babies & Children
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Important Vaccinations for Children Above 1 Year
As a parent, you work hard to give your child the best of everything. You conduct thorough research on baby gates, infant car seats, and the latest developmental toys and books for your little one. On the health front, you have your pediatrician’s number on speed dial, the medicine or first aid box stocked up, and also ensure you don’t miss out on regular checkups and vaccination appointments. After all, vaccination is one of the best ways to protect our child against vaccine preventable diseases.
But many times, after first-year vaccinations, the second-year vaccinations and booster doses are not taken as per schedules. It may even be missed at times. It’s essential to know that vaccinations are recommended even beyond this age.
This article will look at the different vaccinations administered to children over a year old.
Why Is It Important to Vaccinate Children Above 1 Year of Age?
Immunity is the body’s way of preventing disease. Baby’s immune system is continuing to be developed completely uptill 2 years of age. There are certain diseases that can still infect the baby in second year of life such as Meningococcal Disease, Hepatitis A, Typhoid, Influenza. These are serious diseases which may lead to prolonged disabilities, take a financial toll due to medical bills, lost time at work or long-term disability care. For these diseases, vaccines are not covered in first year and hence its essential for parents to keep a track of vaccination schedule even after 1st birthday of the baby to protect the growth and future of the baby.
Apart from new vaccinations, to provide additional protection booster doses are required which should be given to babies second year onwards. For more information please do consult your paediatrician.
11 Important Vaccinations That Should Be Given to Children Above 1 Year
Diseases and vaccines that children above 1 year should receive:
Age of Vaccination
Disease
Brief
Route of Transmission
Symptoms
Vaccination Available *
12 months
Hepatitis A
Caused by Hepatitis A virus. It is highly contagious
Spreads through ingestion of contaminated food or water
Jaundice, dark-coloured urine, nausea, fatigue, stomach pain
Vaccination is available; consult doctor for schedule
15 months – first dose
Varicella / Chickenpox
Highly contagious, caused by varicella – zoster-virus. Life-threatening, especially in babies, adults, pregnant women
Spreads through direct contact with the infected individual
Rashes that turn into itchy, fluid-filled blisters and eventually turn in scabs
2 dose schedule is recommended
24 months
Meningococcal Disease
It is caused by Neisseria meningitidis, affects the meninges and is life-threatening if left untreated
Spreads through direct contact with respiratory secretions like saliva or mucus
0-8 hours symptoms are like the common cold and flu. It later progresses rapidly into a stiff neck, light sensitivity, fever, and nausea.
Single dose vaccine#
6 months – 5 years of age
Influenza
Caused by Swine Flu (H1N1) and 3 other flu strains
Air-borne disease
Cold, cough, fever, runny nose, itchy eyes, body ache
Annual influenza vaccination is recommended
9-12 years of age
Diphtheria, Tetanus & Pertussis (Tdap Vaccine)
Diphtheria is a respiratory disease
Tetanus causes the tightening of jaw muscles.
Pertussis is also known as whooping cough
Diphtheria and Pertussis are both air-borne diseases
Tetanus spreads when bacterial spores enter the body through deep cuts. Spores usually reside in soil, manure, iron rust, etc
Diphtheria – Fever, swollen neck, thick grey coating lining nose or throat
Pertussis – Cold, cough, mild fever, and difficulty in breathing
Tetanus – jaw cramping, muscle stiffness, seizures, fever and sweating
Tdap Vaccine – Tetanus toxoid and reduced quantity Diphtheria & Acellular Pertussis Vaccine
9 years onwards
Cervical Cancer
Cancer of the cervix caused due to Human Papillomavirus
Transmits via sexual intercourse or close skin contact with the infected
No tests / immediate symptoms
HPV screening is done after the age of 30 in females only. Some may develop genital warts.
2 dose schedule for girls 9-14 years of age
3 dose schedule for < 15-year-old girls
* – Information about Vaccination mentioned above is based on recommendations received from Health Experts. For any further information, please consult your infant’s paediatrician.
# – Meningococcal Vaccine (A, C, W, Y) can be given in 2 dose schedules below 1 year
List of booster vaccinations that are essential and provide additional protection to babies securing their healthy future:
Age of Vaccination
Disease
Brief
Route of Transmission
Symptoms
Vaccination Available *
15 months – second dose
Measles, Mumps & Rubella
Measles are small red spots on the entire skin, highly contagious
Mumps is swelling of salivary glands due to viral infection
Rubella is caused by a virus; pinkish rashes start appearing across the face and body
All 3 are air-borne diseases
Measles – small red spots breakout on the entire body with fever, headache
Mumps – Puffiness of neck, cheeks, eyes, and entire face due to swelling of salivary glands
Rubella – low-grade fever with rashes across the body
2 dose schedule is recommended
15 months – booster dose
Pneumococcal Disease
Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, can range from ear and sinus infections to pneumonia and bloodstream infections
Spreads through direct contact with respiratory secretions like saliva or mucus
Fever, cough, difficulty in breathing and chest pain
Vaccination available in a 3 + 1 booster dose schedule
16-18 months – booster dose
Diphtheria, Tetanus & Pertussis
Diphtheria is a respiratory disease
Tetanus causes the tightening of jaw muscles.
Pertussis is also known as whooping cough
Diphtheria and Pertussis are both air-borne diseases
Tetanus spreads when bacterial spores enter the body through deep cuts. Spores usually reside in soil, manure, iron rust, etc
Diphtheria – Fever, swollen neck, thick grey coating lining nose or throat
Pertussis – Cold, cough, mild fever, and difficulty in breathing
Tetanus – jaw cramping, muscle stiffness, seizures, fever and sweating
Combination of 3 vaccines – DTP Vaccine is available. Recommended in a 3 + 1 booster dose schedule
16-18 months – booster dose
Hib: Hemophilus influenzae type B
Infects the lining of the brain and spinal cord. It can also cause a severe infection of the blood
Air-borne disease
Pneumonia, infection of blood or infection of meningitis (membrane covering the brain and spinal cord)
Recommended in a 3 + 1 booster dose schedule
16-18 months – IPV booster dose
Polio
Caused by Polio virus and can infect the spinal cord, limbs, or any part of the body. It may also cause paralysis.
Air-borne disease
Muscle tenderness, floppy and loose muscles, fever, sore throat, weakness fatigue
IPV is recommended in a 3 + 1 booster dose schedule
18 months – booster dose
Hepatitis A
Caused by Hepatitis A virus. It is highly contagious.
Spreads through ingestion of contaminated food or water
Jaundice, dark-coloured urine, nausea, fatigue, stomach pain
Vaccination is available. Consult a doctor for schedule
* – Information about Vaccination mentioned above is based on recommendations received from Health Experts. For any further information, please consult your infant’s paediatrician.
How to Prepare Your Child for Vaccination?
Talk to your child about vaccination in a manner suitable to their age and temperament.
Make sure to keep a positive tone and use simple sentences. Answer your child’s queries and explain what the vaccination is for
Prepare a special bag for your child to carry to the doctor’s clinic on vaccination day with their favourite toy or book. This will help them cope with the stress better in a new environment.
When Should Your Child Not Get Vaccinated?
There are a few situations where your child should wait or may not get vaccinated. These include:
Having suffered a bad reaction after the first vaccination dose
Being ill with something more severe than a cold
Having convulsions or sudden jerky body movements, which the vaccination could have possibly caused
In such cases, it’s essential to consult your paediatrician for any further information
After Vaccination Care for Children
Encourage your child to move the arm or leg where they received the injection
Place a cold cloth or ice pack on the injection site, and provide comfort to them.
Make sure your child takes adequate rest.
Since children need to be given different vaccinations, it is helpful to maintain a checklist of all the vaccinations that need to be administered and at which age. This will help you stay on schedule and keep your little one healthy and safe.
Please consult your infant’s paediatrician for any further information. To learn more about maintaining vaccination schedules, click here.
If you like this content, share it with your fellow parents now.
Disclaimer: Issued in public interest by GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Limited. Dr. Annie Besant Road, Worli, Mumbai 400 030, India.
Information appearing in this material is for general awareness only. Nothing contained in this material constitutes medical advice. Please consult your doctor for any medical queries, any question or concern you may have regarding your condition. The disease list indicated for vaccination is not complete, please consult your doctor for the complete vaccination schedule
NP-IN-ABX-OGM-220082, DoP Nov 2022
References:
https://www.myvaccinationhub.in/en/vaccination-schedule
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/parents/visit/before-during-after-shots.html
https://www.hhs.gov/immunization/get-vaccinated/for-parents/five-reasons/index.html
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As ‘Zindagi Unlocks', Kids May Be at a Higher Risk of Contracting Hepatitis A: Be Prepared, and Vaccinate Them on Time
The pandemic has left children stuck at home for long, finding enjoyment only in e-learning, playing video games, using mobile phones and watching TV. There has been little opportunity for them to interact and play with friends outdoors. But life is gradually opening again, unlocking again. It’s a joyous time for kids especially as they are stepping out more now and indulging in activities important for their growth and well-being. While it’s wonderful to get back to life as we knew it, it’s extremely important for parents to keep an eye out for not just their safety from COVID-19 but also from other life-threatening diseases.
Going out for kids will also mean indulging in their favourite outside food. But this also means that there is an increased risk of food and water-borne diseases. One such disease is jaundice, commonly caused by the Hepatitis A virus, one that needs urgent attention.
Watch this video to know why.
What Is Hepatitis A?
Hepatitis A is a contagious liver infection that is caused by the Hepatitis A virus1. Its severity can range from a mild to severe illness which can last from a few weeks to months. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that globally more than 10 crore people get infected with Hepatitis A every year2. While this liver infection is generally considered mild and common among children, it can be serious in some cases3. Among older children and adults, infection usually causes more severe symptoms, jaundice being one of them occurring in more than 70% of cases4.
Hepatitis A infections do not cause chronic infections; however, they can be severe5. If left unchecked, in some cases, it can lead to severe complications like acute liver failure and even death in rare cases. Outbreaks occur worldwide, especially in areas with poor sanitation6. Therefore children, who are not previously exposed to this virus because of living in more hygienic urban areas may evade Hepatitis A infection in early childhood leaving them at risk of severe infection in adolescence and adulthood.7
How Does It Spread?
Hepatitis A spreads through ingestion of water and food contaminated with the Hepatitis A virus. It is primarily transmitted from person to person by the faecal-oral route or when someone ingests contaminated water, or foods that have not been prepared, stored or served in a hygienic manner1.
Watch Out for These Signs and Symptoms
Not everyone who is infected has symptoms. Symptoms (if developed) usually appear within 2 to 6 weeks after infection1. They can include:
Fever
Vomiting
Grey-coloured stools
Fatigue
Abdominal pain
Joint pain
Loss of appetite
Nausea
Jaundice
Remember, not everyone who is infected will show all the symptoms. In few cases, symptoms can last for as long as 6 months.1
Can It Be Prevented?
Yes, Hepatitis A infection can be prevented. The easiest ways to protect against hepatitis A are by1,2.
Drinking clean water and cooking food well. Additionally, it is advisable to avoid raw meat and shellfish, and wash fruits and vegetables in clean water.
Wash your hands with soap and water after using the toilet, changing a baby’s nappy and before cooking food and eating.
Ensuring a hygienic environment in and around your home.
Vaccination. This helps to protect your child against Hepatitis A.
Treatment for Hepatitis A
There is no specific treatment for Hepatitis A and hence it is wise to prevent the disease by taking preventive measures. Vaccination is a reliable way to prevent Hepatitis A1-2.
When Can Hepatitis A Vaccination Be Given?
Vaccination against Hepatitis A can be given to children aged one year and above. Therefore, global and national health authorities like WHO and the Indian Academy of Pediatrics recommend Hepatitis A vaccination to all eligible children 2,7.
Consult Your Pediatrician for More Information
With this much-needed awareness around Hepatitis A, parents should seek the help of their doctors regarding prevention through vaccination to protect their kids.
As ‘Zindagi unlocks’, collective awareness, getting the right guidance, following precautions and health measures like vaccination, can keep children healthy and disease-free.
References:
https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/Hepatitis A/afaq.html, Accessed on 24 th July 2021
https://www.who.int/immunization/position_papers/PP_hep_A_july2012_summary.pdf,
Accessed on 24th July 2021
Castaneda D, Gonzalez AJ, Alomari M, Tandon K, Zervos XB. From hepatitis A to E: A critical review of viral hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2021;27(16):1691-1715
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/hepa.html, Accessed on 24th July 2021
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-a, Accessed on 24th July 2021
https://www.iamat.org /country/india/risk/hepatitis-a, Accessed on 24th July 2021
IAP-GUIDE-BOOK-ON-IMMUNIZATION-18-19.pdf (iapindia.org), Accessed on 29th July 2021
Disclaimer: Issued in public interest by GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Limited. Dr. Annie Besant Road, Worli, Mumbai 400 030, India. Information appearing in this material is for general awareness only. Nothing contained in this material constitutes medical advice. Please consult your physician for medical queries, if any, or any question or concern you may have regarding your condition. Please consult your Pediatrician for the complete list of Vaccine-preventable diseases and the complete vaccination schedule for each disease. Please report adverse events with any GSK product to the company at india.pharmacovigilance@gsk.com.
This article has been produced on behalf of GSK by Times Internet’s Spotlight team. CL NO– NP-IN-HAV-PINF-210001, DOP- October, 2021
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